Estonia
Treaties Last updated: May, 2012
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Antarctic Treaty
The Treaty obligates parties to only use Antarctica for peaceful purposes. Military activities are prohibited, including the testing of weapons, nuclear explosions, and the disposal of radioactive waste in Antarctica.
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Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT)
The CTBT prohibits nuclear weapon test explosions. It has not yet entered into force, since three of the 44 required states have yet to sign it and five to ratify it.
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Convention on Nuclear Safety
The Convention on Nuclear Safety is an incentive-based instrument that commits States operating nuclear power plants to establish and maintain a regulatory framework to govern the safety of nuclear installations.
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Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material (CPPNM)
The CPPNM is the only legally binding international agreement focusing on the physical protection of peaceful use nuclear materials.
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Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons (BTWC)
The treaty prohibits the development, production, stockpiling, or acquisition of biological and toxin weapons, and mandates the elimination of existing weapons, weapons production material, and delivery means.
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Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on Their Destruction (CWC)
The CWC requires State Parties not to develop, produce, acquire, stockpile or retain, transfer, use, or make military preparations to use chemical weapons. It entered into force in 1997.
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Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on the Safety of Radioactive Waste Management
The Joint Convention is the first international instrument to focus on minimizing the effects of hazardous radiological materials and developing best practices to promote an effective nuclear safety culture.
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Proposed Fissile Material (Cut-off) Treaty (FMCT)
The proposed treaty is intended to prohibit the production of fissile material. It has been on the proposed agenda of the Conference on Disarmament for many years, but the CD has not been able to establish a committee to begin formal negotiations because states disagree on the scope of the future treaty.
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Protocol for the Prohibition of the Use in War of Asphyxiating, Poisonous, or Other Gasses, and of Bacteriological Methods of Warfare (Geneva Protocol)
The Geneva Protocol prohibits the use in war of asphyxiating, poisonous, or other gases, and of bacteriological methods of warfare. The Protocol provided the basis for the BTWC and CWC.
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Treaty on Open Skies
The Treaty on Open Skies is an international agreement in which States Parties are given authorization to conduct unarmed observation flights over the territories of other States Parties.
This material is produced independently for NTI by the James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies at the Monterey Institute of International Studies and does not necessarily reflect the opinions of and has not been independently verified by NTI or its directors, officers, employees, or agents. Copyright © 2011 by MIIS.
Get the Facts on Estonia
- Processed over 100,000 tons of uranium for approximately 70,000 nuclear warheads during the Soviet era
- Hopes to construct a nuclear power plant by 2023
- Has received international assistance to improve the safety and security of its nuclear sites
Estonia News on GSN
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NATO Objects to Russian Deployment of Antimissile Units in Kaliningrad
April 18, 2012
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Estonia to Receive New Radiation Detectors
Feb. 25, 2008
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Estonia to Become Active in Counterterrorism Group
Feb. 22, 2008
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Australia Group Meets, Agrees to Consider New Controls on Chemical and Biological Exports
July 7, 2004
