Russia has, however, been encountering technical problems with the development of a new generation of submarine-launched ballistic missiles (SLBM). Submerged test-firing of the new Bulava SLBM (NATO designation SS-NX-30) has been underway since December 2005, but the system has failed seven out of seventeen launches (according to generous assessments). The last four tests have been successful, including the latest in October 2011. [2] If technical problems are overcome, then the Bulava SLBM will be deployed on board the new Borey-class ballistic missile submarines. More successful tests have been conducted on a modified version of the R-29RM (NATO designation SS-N-23), known as the R-29RMU Sineva, which will be gradually fitted to Delta-IV SSBNs during overhaul. It is rumored that the Sineva may become an alternative for Borey-class vessels should technical difficulties with the Bulava continue.

The delivery platform for Russia's air-based deterrent is the Kh-55 air-launched cruise missile (ALCM). However, there are reports that the air force may be equipped with a new cruise missile in the near future. Russia joined theMissile Technology Control Regime (MTCR) in 1995.

Sources:
[1] “Le RS-24 est arrive!,” Russian strategic nuclear forces, 19 July 2010, russianforces.org.
[2] “Russian submarine test-fires Bulava missile successfully,” RIA Novosti, 28 October 2011, en.rian.ru.