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Summary:
Under the US-DPRK Agreed Framework, signed on 21 October 1994, North Korea (the DPRK) agreed to halt the operations and infrastructure development of its nuclear program in return for a package of nuclear, energy, economic, and diplomatic benefits from the United States. According to the Agreed Framework, North Korea agreed to freeze and eventually dismantle its graphite-moderated reactors; seal and eventually dismantle its reprocessing facilities; cooperate in finding a safe method to store existing spent fuel from its 5 MWe experimental reactor and to dispose of such fuel in a safe manner; allow the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) to monitor the freeze of its reactors; allow the implementation of its safeguards agreement under the Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT); allow the IAEA to resume ad hoc and routine inspections of facilities not subject to the freeze upon conclusion of a Supply Agreement for the light water reactor (LWR) project; come into full compliance with its safeguard agreement with the IAEA upon conclusion of a significant portion of the LWR project; remain a party to the NPT; take consistent steps to implement the North-South Joint Declaration on the Denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula; and engage in North-South dialogue.
In return for its obligations above, North Korea is to receive two light water reactors (LWRs), financed and supplied by an international consortium, by 2003; 150,000 tons of heavy fuel oil (by October 1995) for heating and electricity production foregone due to the freeze of its graphite-moderated reactors, and 500,000 tons annually thereafter until the completion of the first LWR; and formal assurances from the United States against the threat or use of nuclear weapons.
In addition, the Agreed Framework requires the United States and North Korea
to: reduce barriers to trade and investment, including restrictions on
telecommunications services and financial services and transactions; open a
liaison office in the other’s capital; and upgrade bilateral relations to
Ambassadorial level as progress is made on issues of concern to each side.
[TEXT OF THE US-DPRK AGREED FRAMEWORK]
[JOINT US-DPRK PRESS STATEMENT ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE AGREED FRAMEWORK]
[KOREAN PENINSULA ENERGY DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION (KEDO)]
Last Updated June 1998
This
material is produced independently for NTI by the James Martin
Center for Nonproliferation Studies at the Monterey Institute of
International Studies and does not necessarily reflect the
opinions of and has not been independently verified by NTI or
its directors, officers, employees, agents. Copyright © 2007 by
MIIS.
