ICBM DESIGNATIONS/NUMBER OF WARHEADS

US	USSR/RUSSIA	WARHEADS
SS-18	RS-20	10

START- ACCOUNTABLE LAUNCHERS & WARHEADS

9/90 START I MoU	12/94 START I MoU	1/1/96 START I MoU*	7/1/96 START I MoU	7/1/97 START I MoU
104 ICBMs	69 ICBMs	24 ICBMs	24 ICBMs	0 ICBMs
1040 Warheads	690 Warheads	240 Warheads	240 Warheads	0 Warheads

As of 1 July 1997 all warheads had been removed from Kazakhstan, and all ICBMs dismantled.
[1 July 1997, Memoranda of Understanding (MOU), published by the US Arms Control and Disarmament Agency.] {Updated 5/6/98 SP}

ICBM BASES

Location	9/90 START I MoU	12/94 START I MoU	1/1/96 START I MoU*	7/1/96 START I MoU**	7/1/97 START I MoU
Derzhavinsk	52 SS-18s	31 SS-18s	24 total SS-18s:  breakdown per location unknown	24 total SS-18s: breakdown per location unknown	0
Zhanghiz-Tobe	52 SS-18s	38 SS-18s			0

DEVELOPMENT ARCHIVE: 

2/14/2002:  US TO PROVIDE FUNDS FOR FURTHER ELIMINATION OF SILOS
On 14 February 2002, US Ambassador to Kazakhstan Larry C. Napper announced that the US will allocate $6 million to support further elimination of silo-based missile launchers in Kazakhstan under a 1993 US-Kazakhstani treaty on eliminating ICBM launch silos. According to Kazakhstani Chief of General Staff Malik Saparov, six silos remain intact at the Leninsk test site in the Kzyl-Orda region.[1,2]
Sources:
[1] "Six ICBM Silos Remain in Kazakhstan," Interfax, 21 February 2002.
[2] "Chronicle. Kazakhstan to eliminate silo missile launchers with the money of the US," Nezavisimaya gazeta, 15 February 2002, p. 5; in EastView Online Database of Russian Publications, http://news.mosinfo.ru/news/02/DSE/02/data/019-35.htm.]{Entered 03/01/2002 YP}
 
9/9/98: MISSILE SILOS IN KAZAKHSTAN TO BE DESTROYED BY 11/98
S. Denison Keeney, contracts manager for ABB/Brown & Root, the firm contracted to demolish ICBM silos in Kazakhstan, said on 9 September 1998 that all missile silos remaining in Kazakhstan will be destroyed by November 1998.
[CNS Interview with S. Denison Keeney of ABB/Brown & Root, 9 September 1998, KAZ980909.]{entered 9/16/98 FW}
 
8/29/96: LAST ICBM SILO IN KAZAKHSTAN DISMANTLED
The last (104th) SS-18 missile silo on Kazakhstani soil was eliminated in Derzhavinsk on 8/29/96. On 9/5/96, Kazakhstani President Nursultan Nazarbayev sent a letter to Russian President Boris Yeltsin stating that, under the START I Treaty, Kazakhstan has, with Russia's assistance, fulfilled its international obligations concerning the elimination of strategic weapons on its territory. A US on-site inspection team is to visit the facility in order to confirm the decommissioning of all START I treaty - accountable launchers in Kazakhstan.
Sources:
[1] Almaty Kazakh Television First Program Network, 5 September 1996;  in "Kazakhstan: Russia Completes Withdrawal of Nuclear Military Facilities," FBIS-SOV-96-174, 5 September 1996.
[2] Vladimir Ardayev and Viktor Litovkin, "Kazakhstan izbavilsya ot 'Satany'," Izvestiya, 13 September 1996, p. 1.
[3] Anatoliy Ladin, "Raketnaya baza obretayet grazhdanskiy status," Krasnaya Zvezda, 12 September 1996, p. 1 ; ITAR-TASS, 6 September 1996; in "Kazakhstan: Last Russian Nuclear Missile Silos Destroyed," FBIS-SOV-96-174, 6 September 1996.] {Entered 9/24/96 GB}
 
8/19/96: FINAL PROTOCOL ON WITHDRAWAL OF SRF FROM KAZAKHSTAN SIGNED
On 8/19/96 in Almaty, Russia and Kazakhstan signed a final protocol on the withdrawal of Russian strategic rocket forces from Kazakhstan. The document was signed by First Deputy Chairman of the Kazakhstani Committee for the Defense Industry, Vladimir Kotelnikov, and First Deputy Commander of the Russian Strategic Rocket Forces, Colonel-General Nikolay Solovtsov, at a meeting of the joint Kazak-Russian commission dealing with the consequences of the operation of the Russian strategic forces in Kazakhstan. It was reported on 9/4/96 that two Russian rocket divisions were being pulled out of the Turgay and Semipalatinsk regions. The last Russian rocket division in Derzhavinsk is scheduled to leave Kazakhstan by early 10/96. Army General Igor Sergeyev, Commander of the Russian Strategic Rocket Forces, stated that since 12/94, 16 missile regiments in Kazakhstan have been disbanded; 898 warheads, 98 intercontinental ballistic missiles, and more than 18,000 MT of missile fuel components have been taken to Russia; and 104 combat silos for SS-18 ICBMs and two training silos have been dismantled. Under an inter-governmental agreement, approximately 1,000 kilometers of access roads, 4,000 kilometers of power cable, 900 kilometers of communication cable, residential facilities, and other property have been transferred to Kazakhstan. Residential facilities at the former ICBM base in Zhangiz-Tobe have been turned into a correctional camp under the authority of the Kazakhstani Ministry of Internal Affairs. The United States is assisting Kazakhstan in the reclamation of land on the territory of former missile launching facilities.
Sources:  
[1] Interfax, 11 September 1996;  in "Russia: Accord Signed on Missile Force Pullout From Kazakhstan," FBIS-SOV-96-178, 11 September 1996; 
[2] Vladimir Ardayev, Viktor Litovkin, "Kazakhstan izbavilsya ot 'Satany'," Izvestiya, 13 September 1996, p.1.
[3] Anatoliy Ladin, "Raketnaya baza obretayet grazhdanskiy status," Krasnaya zvezda, 12 September 1996, p.1.
[4] Almaty Kazakh Television First Program Network, 5 September 1996;  in "Kazakhstan: Russia Completes Withdrawal of Nuclear Military Facilities," FBIS-SOV-96-174, 5 September 1996.
[5] Anatoliy Ladin, "Russian Strategic Missile Forces Leaving Kazakhstan With Honor," Krasnaya Zvezda, 11 September 1996;  in "Russia: ICBM, Silo Dismantling in Kazakhstan Virtually Complete," FBIS-SOV-96-178, 11 September 1996.
[6] ITAR-TASS, 4 September 1996;  in "Russia: Russia Continues Cutbacks in Nuclear Forces in Kazakhstan," FBIS-SOV-96-173, 4 September 1996.
[7] ITAR-TASS, 6 September 1996;  in "Kazakhstan: Last Russian Nuclear Missile Silos Destroyed," FBIS-SOV-96-174, 6 September 1996. {Entered 9/24/96 GB}
 
2/23/96: BROWN & ROOT WIN CTR CONTRACT FOR SILO DESTRUCTION IN KAZAKHSTAN
A joint venture team, composed of the Swedish-Swiss multinational engineering firm ABB and the Houston-based construction company Brown and Root, won a contract to destroy 148 missile silos located in four different sites in Kazakhstan. Worth $31 million, the contract is funded from by Nunn-Lugar project (CTR) for the elimination of strategic offensive arms. Kazakhstan has taken on itself the responsibility for destroying the command and control apparatus for the SS-18 intercontinental ballistic missiles according to a previous agreement with the United States. (For more information on the CTR program see Kazakhstan:  CTR Program.) 
[Francis Williams, "Foreign Companies Will Help Kazakhstan Dismantle Missile Silos," Finansovye izvestiya, 23 February 1996, No. 20, p. 1.]
 
1/26/96: KAZAKHSTANI-RUSSIAN AGREEMENTS TO ADDRESS NUCLEAR WEAPONS REMOVAL
Upon concluding a two day meeting in Almaty, Kazakhstani Defense Minster Alibek Kasymov and Russian Defense Minister Pavel Grachev signed a series of 16 documents. Chief among the agreements was a protocol calling for the preparation and arrangement of a bilateral defense pact. Other agreements addressed the full removal of nuclear weapons from Kazakhstan to Russia, the use of test facilities located on Kazakhstani territory, and the deployment of Russian military forces in Kazakhstan.
Sources:
[1] Raisa Dobraya, "The Creation Of A Military-Political Union -- The Main Goal Of The Reception The Minister Kf Defense Of Russia," Kazakhstanskaya pravda, 30 January 1996, p. 1.
[2] "The Visit Of Pavel Grachev To Kazakhstan Began," Segodnya, 26 January 1996, p. 1.
 
1/14/96: RUSSIAN MISSILE UNITS IN KAZAKHSTAN TO BE DISBANDED BY 5/96
Colonel General Igor Sergeyev, Commander of the Russian Strategic Rocket Forces- announced that all "Russian-commanded military units controlling nuclear missiles" on Kazakhstani territory are to be withdrawn and disbanded by 1 May 1996.
["Russia Says Republics To Give Up Nukes," UPI, 14 January 1996, Code No. 1041.]
 
11/95: RUSSIA TO COMPENSATE KAZAKHSTAN FOR STRATEGIC BOMBERS
An article in Panorama reports that by the end of 1995 Russia will outfit the Kazakhstani Ministry of Defense with 43 jet airplanes, including 21 MiG-29s. The supply of jets is part of a compensatory program to make up for strategic bombers and nuclear warheads removed from Kazakhstani territory. According to Kazakhstan's First Deputy Prime Minister Nigmatzhan Isingarin, Russia will deliver an additional 30 military jets to Kazakhstan over the next two years.
[Central Asia Monitor, No. 6 (10-11), 1995.]
 
5/24/95: ALL NUCLEAR WEAPONS TRANSFERRED TO RUSSIA
The Kazakhstani Foreign Ministry confirmed that all nuclear warheads had been transferred from Kazakhstan to Russia.
[Doug Clarke, "Kazakhstan Confirms It Is Nuclear Free," OMRI Daily Digest, 25 May 1996, p. 3.]

4/25/95: RUSSIA ANNOUNCES THE COMPLETE WITHDRAWAL OF NUCLEAR WARHEADS FROM KAZAKHSTAN
[ITAR-TASS (Moscow), 25 April 1995; in FBIS-SOV-95-080, "Kazakhstan Completes Transfer Of Nuclear Warheads," 25 April 1995.]
 
4/24/95: KAZAKHSTAN ELIMINATING ICBM SILOS
Kazakhstan has begun eliminating its ICBM silos in accordance with the START I Treaty. The destruction of the silos is being carried out by the Russian strategic missile forces on the basis of an agreement between the governments of Kazakhstan and Russia; the silos are being eliminated by explosions. There are two SS-18 missile fields in Kazakhstan, and the first silos to be destroyed are located at the Derzhavinsk field in the Turgai region of Northern Kazakhstan.
Sources:
[1] ITAR-TASS, 24 April 1995; in FBIS-SOV-95-078, "Kazakhstan Begins Eliminating ICBM Silos," 24 February 1995.
[2] Krasnaya zvezda, 20 April 1995, p.1; in FBIS-SOV-095-077, "Troops Begin Destroying ICBM Silos in Kazakhstan," 20 April 1995.
[3] Doug Clarke, OMRI Daily Digest, 25 April 1995.
 
4/5/95: MISSILE WITHDRAWAL FROM KAZAKHSTAN IS AHEAD OF SCHEDULE
US Secretary of Defense William Perry stated that the process of missile and nuclear material withdrawal and dismantlement from Kazakhstan is 2-3 months ahead of schedule.
[Interfax (Moscow), 5 April 1995; in FBIS-SOV-95-066, "Reportage on US Defense Minister Perry Visit," 5 April 1995.]
 
3/17/95: ZHANGIZ-TOBE ICBM BASE SITE IS BEING CLOSED
All the SS-18 (Satan) missiles deployed at Zhangiz-Tobe are being withdrawn to Russia, and the base is to be closed. Zhangiz-Tobe is also known as Solnechnyy.
[Krasnaya zvezda, 17 March 1995; in FBIS-SOV-95-054, "Zhangiz-Tobe ICBM Base Closure Viewed," 17 March 1995.]
 
3/95: PROGRESS ON WARHEADS WITHDRAWAL, LAUNCHER ELIMINATION
According to Department of Defense Assistant Secretary for Atomic Energy Harold P. Smith, by 3/95, Belarus, Kazakhstan, and Ukraine have withdrawn a total of 1,000 warheads to Russia and that about 575 launchers and bombers have been eliminated throughout the entire former Soviet Union.
["Pentagon Defends Nunn-Lugar; Predicts $1 Billion Chem-Demil Program," Post-Soviet Nuclear and Defense Monitor, 14 March 1995, pp. 3-4.]
 
3/95: PROGRESS ON WARHEADS WITHDRAWAL IN KAZAKHSTAN, UKRAINE
The Pentagon has stated that as of mid-March, 1,555 strategic warheads have been removed from missiles in the republics of the former Soviet Union, including 440 SS-18 ICBM and 370 ALCM warheads in Kazakhstan, 45 SS-25 ICBM warheads in Belarus, 240 SS-19 and 460 SS-24 ICBM warheads in Ukraine. Of these, 1,097 have been withdrawn to Russia, including 632 from Kazakhstan, 45 from Belarus, and 420 from Ukraine.
["Belarus, Kazakhstan, Ukraine START 1 Cuts," Arms Control Today, April 1995.]
 
2/4/95: DISMANTLING OF WARHEADS HAS BEGUN
According to a report on parliamentary hearings by Gadlet Batyrbekov, the Director General of the Kazakhstani National Nuclear Center, work on disassembly of 108 SS-18 warheads has already begun and will be finished by 3-4/95. (Disassembly of warheads is performed in Russia, not in Kazakhstan. Either the source is referring to the removal of warheads from missiles, or the progress of warhead dismantling in Russia.)
[Panorama, 4 February 1995, p. 2; in FBIS-SOV-45-028, "Parliament Considers Future of Nuclear Power," 4 February 1995.]
 
12/94: ICBM COMPONENTS ARE BEING REMOVED FROM KAZAKHSTAN
Kazakhstan's First Deputy Defense Minister Major General Alibek Kasymov told Interfax that intercontinental ballistic missiles are being taken off-line in Kazakhstan and components of the strategic offensive weapons are being removed to Russia. According to Kasymov, the aviation division, previously located near Semipalatinsk, has been completely removed from Kazakhstan.
[Interfax, 14 December 1994; in FBIS-SOV-94-241, "Strategic Nuclear Missiles Taken Off Duty," 14 December 1994.]
 
10/13/94: MISSILE SILOS ARE SCHEDULED TO BE CLOSED DOWN
US Secretary of Defense William Perry and Kazakhstan's Defense Minister Sagadat Nurmagambetov exchanged messages which emphasize that Washington regards Almaty as a bulwark of stability in Central Asia. According to Nurmagambetov, nuclear warheads and RS-20 (SS-18) ICBMs are being moved to Russia. The missile silos and launch control centers are scheduled to be closed down soon. Destruction of nuclear missiles was to begin in 1994.
[Interfax, 13 October 1994; in FBIS-SOV-94-199, "Government Begins Eliminating Strategic Nuclear Forces," 13 October 1994.]
 
9/94: 44 SS-18 ICBMs HAVE BEEN DEACTIVATED IN KAZAKHSTAN
According to an unclassified CIA report, as of this month 44 SS-18 ICBMs have been deactivated and their warheads have been removed. With these retirements completed, Kazakhstan now has 60 SS-18s on its territory.
["Nuclear Weapons Deactivations Continue In FSU," Arms Control Today, November 1994, p. 33.]
 
7/94: ICBMS HAVE BEEN DETARGETED
Target coordinates reportedly have been removed from the memories of missile guidance computers in Kazakhstan as well as in Russia, Belarus, and Ukraine, as a precautionary measure in the case of an accidental launch, according to Colonel General Igor Sergeyev, commander of the Russian Strategic Rocket Forces. (This "detargeting" of ICBMs is a result of international agreements between Russia, the United States and other states to reduce the danger of accidental launch.)
["US-Russian Strategic Missile Detargeting Complete," Arms Control Today, July-August 1994, p. 26.]
 
5/94: RUSSIA TO CONTROL THE STRATEGIC ROCKET FORCES IN KAZAKHSTAN
It was reported that Russia and Kazakhstan have reached an agreement granting control of the strategic rocket forces remaining on Kazakhstani territory to Russia. This announcement came from Colonel-General Igor Sergeyev, Commander-in -Chief of Russia's Strategic Rocket Forces. It was further stated that Kazakhstan will be completely free of nuclear weapons by sometime in 1995.
["Weapons," Moscow News (English edition), No. 18, 6-12 May 1994, p. 1.]
 
5/10/94: KAZAKHSTANI-US NEGOTIATIONS ON A TENDER TO DISMANTLE SILOS
Kazakhstani and American governmental negotiators have not been able to agree on the terms of a tender for the contract to dismantle missile silos located on Kazakhstani territory, according to Kazakhstan's First Deputy Defense Minister Alibek Kasymov. The terms of the tender, which Kazakhstani officials agree is technically open, are such that "the participation of Kazak firms in it is problematic," said Kasymov. Kasymov confirmed that talks will continue. KATEP (the State Corporation for Atomic Power and Industry) and two holding companies, Special Installations and Construction, intend to take part in the tender.
[Interfax, 5/10/94; in FBIS-SOV-94-091, "Almaty, Washington Disagree On Missile Dismantlement," 11 May 1994, p.31.]
 
4/94: STATUS OF NUCLEAR WARHEADS REMOVED FROM CRUISE MISSILES
The status of the nuclear warheads removed from the ALCMs deployed in Kazakhstan in remains uncertain. The cruise missiles had been associated with the 40 Bear-H bombers recently transferred to Russia from Kazakhstan. President Nazarbayev insists that Kazakhstan receive $1 billion of the $11.9 billion which the United States has agreed to pay for the HEU recovered from dismantled Soviet warheads. The United States will not implement the agreement until Russia has finalized arrangements with Belarus and Kazakhstan on the disbursement of the funds.
["Last Of Bear-H Bombers Out Of Kazakhstan," Arms Control Today, April 1994, p. 28.]
 
3/28/94: KAZAKHSTAN, RUSSIA AGREE ON PROVISIONS FOR THE DISPOSITION OF NUCLEAR FORCES
Presidents Nazarbayev and Yeltsin have signed a series of agreements, which include provisions for the disposition of the nuclear forces located on Kazakhstani territory. According to this report, Russia will assume full jurisdiction over the missiles, whose warheads are to be removed within 14 months. The missiles themselves and their silos are to be dismantled within three years, although details of the dismantlement process remain unclear. There is no new information about the compensation being sought by Kazakhstan for the HEU contained in the warheads.
["Agreement On Nukes In Kazakhstan," RFE/RL News Briefs, Vol. 3, No. 19, 9-13 May 1994, p. 9.]
 
3/94: PRESIDENT NAZARBAYEV ASSURES THAT ALL SS-18 WILL BE DISMANTLED
President Nazarbayev gave US Secretary of Defense William Perry assurances that all 104 of the SS-18 ICBMs will be shipped to Russia for dismantling. Thus far, twelve SS-18s have been transported to Russia; all the strategic bombers have also been returned to Russia. The warheads, however, have not been transferred yet and will not be returned to Russia until Kazakhstan and Russia reach an agreement regarding compensation for the HEU in the warheads. Such an agreement may occur by the end of April.
Sources:
[1] John Lepingwell, "Assurances on Nuclear Weapons in Kazakhstan," RFE/RL News Briefs, 21-25 March 1994 , p. 8.
[2] ITAR-TASS, 12 February 1994; in JPRS-TND-94-006, "State Advisor Counters Report on Nuclear Storage Dangers," 16 March 1994, pp. 37-38.]
 
3/94: DETERIORATION OF MISSILE BASES IN KAZAKHSTAN REPORTED
Russian television reported that deteriorating conditions at the strategic missile bases in Kazakhstan can be attributed to strained relations between the Kazakhstani and Russian governments. Kazakhstan has renounced any claim to the missiles on its territory, and the divisions guarding the bases, paid in Russian rubles, are considered to be Russian, yet ambiguity remains over the status of these missiles, according to the report. The decision by the Kazakhstani government to suspend transfer of warheads and other missile components apparently derived from the intention to seek compensation for HEU contained in the warheads. Critics have claimed that this measure has led to an unacceptable build-up of dangerous materials at poorly-maintained storage depots.
[St. Petersburg Fifth National Television Network, 20 March 1994; in "Missiles Becoming Instruments Of Political Blackmail," JPRS-TND-94-011, 16 May 1994, p. 35.]
   
2/12/94: NUCLEAR WEAPONS IN KAZAKHSTAN ARE POORLY MAINTAINED
Izvestiya, citing sources in the Russian Defense Ministry, alleged that the strategic nuclear weapons in Kazakhstan are poorly maintained and becoming dangerous. The report names the Derzhavinsk Garrison in Turgai Province and Zhangiz-Tobe Garrison in Semipalatinsk Province as being particularly dangerous because of low morale. It further claims that fire alarm systems, fire extinguishing equipment, and electrical wiring are falling apart, and that security equipment and electrical security barriers aren't working.[1] A comment on this report notes that these charges are being leveled in the Russian press at the start of President Nazarbayev's visit to Washington, and resemble the sorts of charges the Russian military has been making against Ukraine.[2]
Sources:
[1] Izvestiya, 12 February 1994, p. 2; in Viktor Litovkin, "Nuclear Magazines In Kazakhstan Are On The Verge Of An Accident," The Current Digest of the Post-Soviet Press, Vol. XLVI, No. 6, 1994, p. 27. 
[2] Stephen Foye, "Izvestiya: Kazak Nuclear Weapons Unsafe," RFE/RL News Briefs, Vol. 3, No. 8, 14-18 February 1994.
 
2/93:  INTERMEDIATE-RANGE MISSILES HAVE BEEN REMOVED FROM KAZAKHSTAN
President Nazarbayev stated that intermediate-range missiles have been completely removed from Kazakhstani territory.  He also declared that Kazakhstan was the first country to ratify START-1.
[Otto Hoermann, ORF (Vienna), 3 February 1993; in "Discusses Nuclear Arms Safety," FBIS Document SOV-93-022, 4 February 1993, p. 43.]