Issue Brief

Mahaley, Joseph S., Director, Office of Security, Department of Energy, “House Subcommittee on National Security, Emerging Threats, and International Relations Committee on Government Reform,” June 24, 2003: http://www.energy.gov/engine/content.do?BT_CODE=PR_CONGRESSTEST&TT_CODE=PRESSRELEASE
&PUBLIC_ID=13606.

Robin M. Nazzaro, Director, Natural Resources and Environment Team, General Accounting Office, Testimony before the Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations, Committee on Energy and Commerce, House of Representatives, published in U.S. General Accounting Office, Nuclear Security: DOE Must Address Significant Issues to Meet the Requirements of the New Design Basis Threat, GAO-04-773T, May 11, 2004. http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d04773t.pdf.

P. “Testimony of POGO’s Danielle Brian Before the House Energy and Commerce Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigation,” Project on Government Oversight, May 11, 2004: http://www.pogo.org/p/
environment/et-040501-nuclear.html.

U.S. Department of Energy, “Audit Report: The Department’s Basic Protective Force Training Program,” DOE/IG-0641, March, 2004.
http://www.ig.doe.gov/pdf/ig-0641.pdf.

U.S. Department of Energy, “Secretary of Energy Launches Initiatives To Bolster Security at Nuclear Facilities: Improvements to Impact Cybersystems, Guard Force Protection, and Consolidation of Nuclear Materials,” Press Release, May 7, 2004.
http://www.energy.gov/engine/content.do?
BT_CODE=PR_PRESSRELEASES&TT_CODE=PRESSRELEASE
&PUBLIC_ID=15800.

U.S. Department of Energy, “Security Police Officer Training Competition: Remarks Prepared for Secretary Spencer Abraham,” Speech, May 7, 2004. http://www.energy.gov/engine/content.do?
BT_CODE=PR_SPEECHES&TT_CODE=PRESSRELEASE
&PUBLIC_ID=15801.

U.S. Department of Energy, “Inspection Report: Protective Force Performance Test Improprieties,” DOE/IG-0636, January 2004.
http://www.ig.doe.gov/pdf/ig-0636.pdf.

U.S. General Accounting Office, “Nuclear Security: DOE Faces Security Challenges in the Post September 11, 2001, Environment,” GAO-03-896TNI, June 24, 2003.

U.S. General Accounting Office, “Nuclear Security: DOE Needs to Resolve Significant Issues before It Fully Meets the Design basis Threat,” GAO-04-623, April 2004.
http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d04623.pdf.

U.S. General Accounting Office, “Nuclear Security: NNSA Needs to Better Manage Its Safeguards and Security Program,” GAO-03-471, May 2003.
http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d03471.pdf.

Associated Press, “Weapons Lab Security Lax, DOE Whistleblower Charges,” Washington Post, October 7, 2003, p. A5.

Mathew Bunn, Preventing Nuclear Terrorism: A Progress Update, (Project on Managing the Atom, Harvard University, October 22, 2003)
http://www.nti.org/c_press/analysis_cnwmupdate
_102203.pdf.

“Classified Computer Media Missing at Los Alamos,” Program on Government Oversight, May 20, 2004. http://www.pogo.org/p/environment/ea-040502
-nuclear.html.

Davidson, Keay, “Livermore Lab Safety Problems Reported U.S. Probe Finds Ventilation Flaws at Plutonium Building,” San Francisco Chronicle, May 7, 2004.
http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/
chronicle/archive/2004/05/07/MNG1A6HEJD1.DTL.

Faler, Brian, “Nuclear Weapons Lab Loses 12 Keys,” The Washington Post, November 7, 2003.
http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn?
pagename=article&contentId=A9866-2003Nov6&
notFound=true.

“Fuel for Nuclear Weapons is More Widely Available,” USA Today, February 26, 2003.
http://www.usatoday.com/news/world/
2003-02-26-nuke-threat-cover_x.htm.

Hertsgaard, Mark, “Nuclear Insecurity,” Vanity Fair, November 2003, p. 180.

“Lost Keys May Force U.S. to Replace 100,000 Locks at Nuclear Weapons Lab,” NTI: Global Security Newswire, November 7, 2004.
http://www.nti.org/d%5Fnewswire/issues/2003/11/7/
905d64c0%2D6dd6%2D466a%2D827d%
2D5e9cbea0a70d.html.

Malenic, Marina, “U.S. Energy Department Likely to Miss Deadline, GAO Reports,” NTI: Global Security Newswire, April 28, 2004.
http://www.nti.org/d%5Fnewswire/issues/2004/4/28/
1b3b7b98%2D33ff%2D4abc%2D9eb2%
2Dbc811dac10b2.html.

Montgomery, Dave, “Security at Nuclear Facilities Questioned,” Star-Telegram, March 16, 2004.

“Poor Management, Training, Hampers Lawrence Livermore Laboratory’s Security Force,” NTI: Global Security Newswire, September. 10, 2003: http://www.nti.org/d%5Fnewswire/issues/2003/
9/10/6s.html.

“Safety Problems Found at Livermore Lab,” NTI: Global Security Newswire, May 7, 2004.
http://www.nti.org/d%5Fnewswire/issues/2004/5/7/
9aa01704%2D1f44%2D4f59%2Dbd2d%
2D765f4a5e7e33.html.

“Threat Assessment: Low-End Materials Can Make Nuclear Weapons, U.S. Reports Say,” NTI: Global Security Newswire, February 27, 2003.
http://www.nti.org/d%5Fnewswire/issues/2003/
2/27/8s.html.

U.S. Energy Department Likely to Miss Deadline, GAO Reports,” NTI: Global Security Newswire, April 28, 2004.
http://www.nti.org/d%5Fnewswire/issues/2004/4/28/
1b3b7b98%2D33ff%2D4abc%2D9eb2%
2Dbc811dac10b2.html.

“U.S. Energy Department Watchdog Criticizes Security Training at U.S. Nuclear Weapons Sites,” NTI: Global Security Newswire, March 17, 2004.
http://www.nti.org/d%5Fnewswire/issues/2004/3/17/
4908f965%2D1054%2D47ac%2Db5c3%
2Da18cae023d55.html.

Shwartz, Stephen I., “A Slow Sort of Security,” Bulletin of the Atomic Scientist, July/August 2004.

Charles D. Ferguson and William C. Potter with Amy Sands, Leonard S. Spector, and Fred L. Wehling, The Four Faces of Nuclear Terrorism, (Center for Nonproliferation Studies, Monterey Institute of International Studies and the Nuclear Threat Initiative, 2004).
http://www.nti.org/c_press/analysis_4faces.pdf.

Mathew Bunn and Anthony Wier, Securing the Bomb: An Agenda for Action, (Washington, DC: Nuclear Threat Initiative and the Project on Managing the Atom, Harvard University, May 2004)
http://www.nti.org/e_research/analysis_cnwmupdate
_052404.pdf.

Mathew Bunn, Anthony Wier, and Jonathan P. Holdren, Controlling Nuclear Warheads and Materials: A Report Card and Action Plan, (Project on Managing the Atom, Harvard University, March 2003)
http://www.nti.org/c_press/c6_cnwm.html.

Project on Government Oversight (POGO), U.S. Nuclear Weapons Complex: Security at Risk, Report, October 2001. http://www.pogo.org/p/environment/eo-011003-
nuclear.html.