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Biological | Nuclear | Nuclear Terrorism

US Nuclear Policy | Chemical | Missile 

General | Country Resources


Biological Weapons
The BTWC Sixth Review Conference in 2006
Raising Awareness: A Hippocratic Oath For Life Scientists
Bioterrorism and a Layered Approach to Biodefense Programmes
The Role of Scientific Discovery in the Establishment of the First Biological Weapons Programmes
Confidence Building Needs Transparency: A summary of data submitted under the Bioweapons Convention’s confidence building measures 1987 - 2003
Indicators of State and Non-State Offensive Chemical and Biological Programmes
Biosecurity: A 21st Century Challenge
Bioterrorism and the Securitization of Public Health in the United States of America - Implications for Public Health and Biological Weapons Arms Control
Analyzing a Bioterror Attack on the Food Supply: The Case of Botulinum Toxin in Milk
Anthrax Countermeasures: Current Status and Future Needs
Biological Agents and Plant Inoculations: Implications for Strengthening the BTWC
Effective Action to Strengthen the BTWC Regime: The Impact of Dual Use Controls on UK Science
Securitization of International Public Health: Implications for Global Health Governance and the Biological Weapons Prohibition Regime
A Verification and Transparency Concept for Technology Transfers under the BTWC
The Central Importance of Legally Binding Measures for the Strengthening of the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention (BTWC)
Achieving Effective Action on Universality and National Implementation: The CWC Experience
What Would be a Successful Outcome for the BTWC Sixth Review Conference in 2006?
Remedies for the Institutional Deficit of the BTWC: Proposals for the Sixth Review Conference
Preparing For the BTWC Sixth Review Conference in 2006
Biological weapons and the life sciences: the potential for professional codes
Science, technology and the CBW control regimes
Biological Weapons: Can Fear Overwhelm Inaction?
Next Generation Threat Reduction: Bioterrorism’s challenges and solutions
Breathing Easier? The Report of The Century Foundation Working Group on Bioterrorism Preparedness
A Survey of Biological and Biochemical Weapons Related Research Activities in Germany, France and Turkey
Fighting Bioterrorism: Tracking and Assessing U.S. Government Programs
BioWeapons Report
A Draft Convention to Prohibit Biological and Chemical Weapons under International Criminal Law
Taking Biodefense Too Far
Enhancing BWC Implementation: A Modular Approach
Bioterrorism and Threat Assessment
A Code of Conduct for the Life Sciences: A Practical Approach
Two Decades of Strengthening the CBW Prohibitions: Priorities for the BTWC in the 21st Century
Resuscitating the Bioweapons Ban: U.S. Industry Experts Plans for Treaty Monitoring
Mandate for Failure: The State of Institutional Biosafety Committees in an Age of BW
Global Governance of ‘Contentious’ Science: The Case of the World Health Organization’s Oversight of Small Pox Virus Research
Triage for Civil Support: Using Military Medical Assets to Respond to Terrorist Attacks
Taking the Measure of Countermeasures: Leaders’ Views on the Nation’s Capacity to Develop Biodefense Countermeasures
Speaking Data to Power: Science, Technology, and Health Expertise in the National Biological Security Policy Process
Comparison of States vs. Non-State Actors in the Development of a BTW Capability
Biological Threat Assessment: Is the Cure Worse Than the Disease?
Meeting the Biodefense Challenge: A "Roadmap" for a National Vaccine Strategy
Towards a Life Sciences Code: Countering the Threats from Biological Weapons
Strengthening the BWC: A Way Forward
The Challenge of Biological Weapons: Proposals for Greater EU Effectiveness
Securing Former Soviet Biological Weapons
Will the "New Biology" Lead to New Weapons?
Recurring Pitfalls in Hospital Preparedness and Response
Ready or Not? Protecting the Public's Health in the Age of Bioterrorism
Consensus, Commitment, Completion: A Proposal for Putting the 26 March 2005 Anniversary to Best Use for the BWC
'Non Lethal' Weapons and implementation of the Chemical and Biological Weapons Conventions
2006 and beyond: Preparatory Assistance and Background Activities
Effectiveness of Nuclear Weapons against Buried Biological Agents
Preventing the Misuse of Pathogens: The Need for Global Biosecurity Standards
Biological Disarmament Diplomacy in The Doldrums: Reflections After The BWC Fifth Review Conference
Defending Against Biodefense: The Need for Limits
The Public as an Asset, Not a Problem: A Summit on Leadership during Bioterrorism
Reducing the Biological Threat: New Thinking, New Approaches
Bradford Briefing Papers (2nd series, post-Fifth Review Conference)
Waiting for Godot or Saving The Show? The BWC Review Conference Reaches Modest Agreement
Bare-Bones Multilateralism at the BWC Review Conference
Limiting the Contribution of the Scientific Literature to the BW Threat
Biosecurity Measures for Preventing Bioterrorism
Non-Lethal Chemical and Biological Weapons
The U.S. Government's Interpretation of the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention: A Report of the Working Group on Biological Weapons
Draft Recommendations for a Code of Conduct for Biodefense Programs
Review Conference Paper No. 9: The Resumed Fifth BTWC Review Conference: Maximizing the Benefits from the Final Declaration
Strengthening the Biological Weapons Convention, Review Conference Paper No. 8, Return to Geneva: Uncertainties and Options
Preventing Terrorist Access to Dangerous Pathogens: The Need for International Biosecurity Standards
CNS Releases Secret Soviet Smallpox Report
Compliance Through Science: U.S. Pharmaceutical Industry Experts on a Strengthened Bioweapons Nonproliferation Regime
Briefing Paper on the Status of Biological Weapons Nonproliferation
Strengthening the Biological Weapons Convention, Review Conference Paper No. 7, Return to Geneva: A Comprehensive List of Measures
Route-Maps to OPBW: Using the Resumed BWC Fifth Review Conference
Strengthening the Biological Weapons Convention, Review Conference Paper No. 6, Return to Geneva: The United Kingdom Green Paper
Biotechnology and Biochemical Weapons
Biological Weapons and “Bioterrorism” in the First Years of the 21st Century
House of Cards: The Pivotal Importance of a Technically Sound BWC Monitoring Protocol
Ataxia: The Chemical and Biological Terrorism Threat and the U.S. Response
Iraq’s Military Capabilities: Fighting a Wounded, but Dangerous, Poisonous Snake
Anthrax: Background Report
Former Soviet Biological Weapons Facilities in Kazakhstan: Past, Present, and Future

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Nuclear Weapons and Arms Control
British Nuclear Forces, 2005
Congressional Oversight of Nuclear Weapons
Strategic Nuclear Weapons and Deterrence
Utility of Nuclear Weapons
Reforming the Nuclear Fuel Supply
Commercial Nuclear Power
Revising Nuclear Deterrence
Warheads Aren't Forever
The Race to Secure Russia's Loose Nukes: Progress Since 9/11
Is U.S. Reprocessing Worth the Risk?
Nuclear Threat Perceptions and Nonproliferation Responses: A Comparative Analysis
Multilateral Nuclear Fuel-Cycle Arrangements
Transparency and Secrecy in Nuclear Weapons
Beyond Trident: Will the Current Labour Government Commit Its Successors to the Indefinite Retention of Nuclear Weapons?
Is There a Role for Nuclear Weapons Today?
A Readiness to Harm: The Health Effects of Nuclear Weapons Complexes
Update to Costs and Risks of Management and Disposal of Depleted Uranium from the National Enrichment Facility Proposed to be Built in Lea County, New Mexico by LES
Dirty Bombs and Primitive Nuclear Weapons
Projected Casualties Among US Military Personnel and Civilian Populations from the Use of Nuclear Weapons Against Hard and Deeply Buried Targets
Earth Penetrating Nuclear Warheads against Deep Targets: Concepts, Countermeasures, and Consequences
Laser Enrichment: Separation Anxiety
An Ounce of Prevention
The Illegality of Nuclear Weapons
NATO: Nuclear Sharing or Proliferation?
Uranium Enrichment: Facts to Fuel an Informed Debate on Nuclear Proliferation and Nuclear Power
A System of Legal Measures Aimed at Ensuring Nuclear and Radiation Safety
Nuclear Security: Attitude Check
Missions for Nuclear Weapons after the Cold War
Reinventing Multilateralism
Nuclear Power in the World Today
The Role of U.S. Nuclear Weapons after September 11
New Nuclear Weapons Research and Nonproliferation Objectives
The Iran Case: Addressing Why Countries Want Nuclear Weapons
Fissile Material: Stockpiles Still Growing
Uranium Enrichment: Just Plain Facts to Fuel an Informed Debate on Nuclear Proliferation and Nuclear Power
Global Fissile Material Inventories
Global Cleanout: An Emerging Approach to the Civil Nuclear Material Threat
The U.S. Weapon-Grade Plutonium Shipment - Safety and Security Concern for the 'Eurofab' Operation in France
A Fresh Examination of the Proliferation Dangers of Light Water Reactors
Economic Future of Nuclear Power
A Review of the Suitcase Nuclear Bomb Controversy
Effectiveness of Nuclear Weapons against Buried Biological Agents
The NRC's Dirty Little Secret
Toward Transatlantic Cooperation in Meeting the Iranian Nuclear Challenge
Lessons Lost
Strengthening Nuclear Safeguards: Special Committee to the Rescue
Six Party Talks: False Start or a Case for Optimism
The Nuclear Deal with India 
Can EU Diplomacy Stop Iran’s Nuclear Programme?
Negotiating with North Korea
The New Look of U.S. Nonproliferation Policy
The Future of Verification
The Iranian Stalemate
Reporting to the 1540 Committee - A Snapshot
A Perspective from Pyongyang through Foreign Glasses
Preparing for a Nuclear Iran: The Role of the CIA
LOOKING BACK: Multilateral Arms Transfer Restraint: The Limits of Cooperation
China's Export Controls: Can Beijing's Actions Match Its Words?
Witness for the Prosecution: International Organizations and Arms Control Verification
Verification: Servant or Master of Disarmament?
Getting Ready for a Nuclear-Ready Iran
Can Nuclear Fuel Production in Iran and Elsewhere Be Safeguarded Against Diversion?
An Overview of the Evolution, Operation and Status of Nuclear Safeguards
A Breakthrough at the Six-Party Talks
Reassessing the Implications of a Nuclear-Armed Iran
The U.S.-India Nuclear Deal: Taking Stock
Brazil as Litmus Test: Resende and Restrictions on Uranium Enrichment
Japan's Plutonium Reprocessing Dilemma
Disarming the Costs and Benefits of Arms Control
The NPT Review Conference: 188 States in Search of Consensus
Chasing the Dragon Assessing China’s System of Export Controls for WMD-Related Goods and Technologies
Waiting to Exhale: The Six-Party Talks Agreement
Raising the Stakes: Iran's Resumption of Nuclear Activities
Addressing Today's Nuclear Nonproliferation Challenges: Iran, North Korea, and the U.S.-India Nuclear Deal
A.Q. Khan Nuclear Chronology
Faulty Promises: The U.S.-India Nuclear Deal
Politics and Protection: Why the 2005 NPT Review Conference Failed
Reviving the Disarmament Regimes: Recommendations of the High Level Panel and Secretary-General's Advisory Board
The Relevance of Gender for Eliminating Weapons of Mass Destruction
National Security and Neo-Arms Control in the Bush Administration
Inside Multilateralism: The Six-Party Talks
WMD Crisis: Law Instead of Lawless Self-Help
The 2005 NPT Review Conference: Reasons and Consequences of Failure and Options for Repair
Russia in the PSI: The Modalities of Russian Participation in the Proliferation Security Initiative
Multilateral Nuclear Export Controls After the A.Q. Khan Network
An Overview of the Evolution, Operation and Status of Nuclear Safeguards
Rethinking Strategic Stability in South Asia
Repairing the Nonproliferation Regime
Russian Probes on Arms Control Regimes
EU3 Negotiations with the Islamic Republic of Iran: Not Out of the Woods Yet and Time Is Short, Very Short
The Future of Deterrence
Deadly Deadlock
Arms Control: Risk Reduction Measures between India and Pakistan
The Robb-Silberman Report, Intelligence, and Nonproliferation
Maritime Interdiction in the Gulf: Developing a Culture of Focused Interdiction Using Existing International Conventions
North Korea and the NPT
National Measures to Implement WMD Treaties and Norms: The Need for International Standards and Technical Assistance
Non Governmental Organizations' Statements to the States Party to the Seventh Review Conference of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons
Going Ballistic?: Reversing Missile Proliferation
Promote Multilateral Nuclear Nonproliferation Efforts
The United States and Europe at the NPT Review Conference
Achieving a Breakthrough in ’05: Balanced Progress Needed in All Three Pillars
Testing Time for Europe's Nonproliferation Strategy
The NPT at 35: A Crisis of Compliance or a Crisis of Confidence?
The Thirteen Practical Steps: Legal or Political?
The 2005 NPT Conference in Crisis: Risks and Opportunities
2004 UN First Committee: Better Organised, with Deep Divisions
The Right to Withdraw from the NPT: Article X is Not Unconditional
Security Council Resolution 1540: WMD and Non-State Trafficking
The Fissban: Time for Renewed Commitment or a New Approach?
Back to Basics: Reviving Nuclear Disarmament in the Non-Proliferation Regime
Policy Briefs on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons and the Implementation of the NPT
Effective Non-Proliferation — The European Union and the 2005 NPT Review Conference
Towards a Breakthrough at the 2005 NPT Review Conference
The Nuclear Fuel Cycle: The “Achilles Heel” of the Non-Proliferation Regime?
Addressing the Challenge of Iran
Counter-Proliferation in a Non-Proliferation World
NPT ŕ la Negotiating with North Korea
The Impact of Dual Use Controls on UK Science: Results From a Pilot Study
The 2005 NPT Review Conference: Can It Meet the Nuclear Challenge?
Negative Security Assurances: Revisiting the Nuclear-Weapon-Free-Zone Option
Major Proposals to Strengthen the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty. A Resource Guide
Strengthening the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT)
Workshop Report: The 2005 Review Conference: Finding Common Ground
Nonproliferation Export Controls in India
The Need for a Strengthened IAEA Safeguards System
Towards a Universal Nuclear Non-Proliferation Regime
A Promise Not Realised: Nuclear Disarmament by the Nuclear Weapon States
NATO: Nuclear Sharing or Proliferation?
The Importance of a Fissile Material Treaty
North Korea: A Rogue State Outside the NPT Fold
After Iran: Keeping Nuclear Energy Peaceful
Treating the DPRK as a Global Nuclear Challenge
Is There a Diplomatic Way to Manage the Iranian Threat to Sea Commerce In and Out of the Persian Gulf?
A Regional Discussion of the Six-Party Process: Challenges and Opportunities in North Korea
Tackling the Nuclear Dilemma: An ACT Interview with IAEA Director-General Mohamed ElBaradei
Turning a Blind Eye Again? The Khan Network's History and Lessons for U.S. Policy
Test Moratorium and the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty
The US-UK Mutual Defence Agreement: Contributing to Vertical Proliferation?
Challenging the NPT: North Korea’s Nuclear Weapons Programme
Reassessing Security Assurances in a Unipolar World
The Proliferation Security Initiative: The New Face of Interdiction
Unraveling the A. Q. Khan and Future Proliferation Networks
What China Whispers to North Korea
Universal Compliance: A Strategy for Nuclear Security
Saving the NPT
A Different Approach to the 2005 NPT Conference
Nuclear Weapons Free Zones: The Untold Success Story of Nuclear Disarmament and Non-Proliferation
Turning Security Assurances into a Legally Binding Instrument
Strengthening the NPT Regime
Enforcing Compliance with the Non-Proliferation Treaty
Disarmament: Have the Five Nuclear Powers Done Enough?
Can a Fissile Material Cutoff Treaty Be Effectively Verified?
China: A Crucial Bridge for the 2005 NPT Review Conference
The 2005 NPT Review Conference: A French Perspective
Caught in the Middle: The United Kingdom and the 2005 NPT Review Conference
Superseding U.S.-Russian Nuclear Deterrence
Enforcing Nonproliferation Controls
Nuclear Disarmament & Non-Proliferation: A Balanced Approach
A Nuclear Weapons Free Zone in the Middle East: A Pie in the Sky?
VERTIC Verification Yearbook 2004
The Nuclear Fuel Cycle: Is It Time for a Multilateral Approach?

The Nuclear Third Rail: Can Fuel Cycle Capabilities Be Limited?

Balancing Nonproliferation and Disarmament: An Interview with Brazilian Ambassador and NPT Review Conference President Sérgio de Queiroz Duarte

Strengthening Non-Proliferation Rules and Norms- the Three State Problem

Is the NPT up to the Challenge of Proliferation?

A.Q. Khan and the Limits of the Non-Proliferation Regime

IAEA Safeguards and the NPT

Voluntary Action in the Fight against Weapons of Mass Destruction

Contextualizing Past, Present and Future Challenges to the NPT Regime

Weapons of Mass Destruction Verification and Compliance: Challenges and Responses

The IAEA and Iran: Crisis Averted - for the Time Being

Toward Consensus on a Strengthened Nuclear Nonproliferation System

Time for Arms Talks? Iran, Israel, and Middle East Arms Control

WMD Verification and Compliance: The State of Play

Does China Belong in the Missile Technology Control Regime?

Roadmap to Reform: Creating a New Multilateral Export Control Regime

Asher Karni Case Shows Weakness in Nuclear Export Controls

The EU and the NPT: Testing the New European Nonproliferation Strategy

Re-Nuclearization or Disarmament: A Fateful Choice for Humanity

Universal Compliance: A Strategy for Nuclear Security

Report on the 2004 NPT PrepCom

The IAEA and Iran: No Smoking Guns So Far but the Smell of Gunpowder Lingering in the Air

The IAEA's Strengthened Safeguards System Gaining Ground

Enforcing WMD Treaties: Consolidating a UN Role

'Troubled and Troubling Times': The 2003 UN First Committee Considers Disarmament and Reform

Beyond Article XIV: Strategies to Save the CTBT

Rogues and Rhetoric: The 2003 NPT PrepCom Slides Backwards

What Colin Powell Showed Us: The End of Arms Control and the Normalization of War

Incentives, Obligations and Enforcement: Does the NPT Meet Its States Parties' Needs?

Addressing Proliferation through Multilateral Agreement: Success and Failure in the Nonproliferation Regime
Strengthening Multilateral Export Controls: A Nonproliferation Priority

Controlling Nuclear Warheads and Materials: A Report Card and Action Plan

A Bomb for the Ummah
No Experience Necessary
Briefing Book on Tactical Nuclear Weapons
Nuclear Control, Digest of the Russian Journal
Al-Qaida's Nuclear Program: Through the Window of Seized Documents
As NATO Gets Bigger, Can It Downsize Nuclear Risks?
The Human Factor and Security Cultu