NTI: Country Overviews: India: Nuclear Import/Export

Nuclear Exports

Year/Date	Importer	Item(s)	Remarks
1965	Belgium	11 tons of heavy water	In 1992, Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) Chairman P.K. Iyengar claims that the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE) exported heavy water to Belgium in 1965.
1970-1972	West Germany	Thorium-uranium blocks and strips	The Atomic Fuels Division of the Bhabha Atomic Research Center (BARC) supplies these materials to the Julich Atomic Research Center under a cooperative agreement.
1970-1971	Europe, Japan, and the United States	Chloride	The Department of Atomic Energy's (DAE) Indian Rare Earths Limited (IREL) enters into contracts with several countries for the sale of chloride.
1971-1972	Canada	10kg of sinterable-grade thoria powder	Thoria powder is sent to Atomic Energy of Canada Limited for testing purposes.
1971-1972	Switzerland	Thorium foils and wires	These materials are supplied to the Swiss company Minerals AG, Schwz.
1977-1978	United States	500 tons of beryl ore	This consignment is sent from the Kodarma Mines in Bihar to Philadelphia.
1979-1980	United States	Ilmenite	Indian Rare Earths Limited (IREL) concludes a contract to sell ilmenite to the United States. U.S. sales for 1979-1980 total $12.9 million.
1982-1983	Burma	Gamma Chamber-4000 A	Bhabha Atomic Research Center (BARC) exports one of these units to Burma.
1982-1983	Indonesia	Lasers	BARC exports lasers to the Atomic Energy Agency of Indonesia.
1983-1984	Indonesia, Syria, Tanzania, and Zambia	130 consignments of radio-labeled phosphates	The exact distribution of these phosphates among the named countries is unspecified.
1983-1984	Singapore	One gamma chamber	One gamma chamber is exported to Singapore.
1983-1984	Sudan	One gamma chamber	One gamma chamber is exported to Sudan.
1983-1984	United Kingdom	Neutron spectrometer	The spectrometer was designed and produced for the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory.
1983-1984	South Korea	Neutron polarization analysis spectrometer	This BARC-designed spectrometer is eventually installed in the Korean Atomic Energy Research Institute.
1985-1986	Bulgaria	Seamless titanium tubes	These were produced by the Nuclear Fuel Complex (NFC) from ingots supplied by Mishra Dhatu Nigam Limited (MIDHANI).
April 1990	Vietnam	Technical assistance	While visiting Vietnam to study uranium resources, the DAE informs a Vietnamese delegation that a pilot plan for monazite processing is in the final stages of completion. This plan is intended as "a gift" to Vietnam.
June 1990	Unspecified	Technical assistance and nuclear-related products	At the June 1990 meeting of the IAEA Board of Governors in Vienna, Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) Chairman P.K. Iyengar formally offers to export nuclear technology and products for industrial and medical purposes. Nine categories of services are offered including the production of composites by radiation, polymerization, gamma irradiators, radio-immunoassay counters, radio chemicals, medical preparations, special tracers and tracer complexes, labeled nutrients, pesticides, and inorganic compounds.
December 1990	Egypt	Technical assistance	Under a five-year cooperation agreement for the peaceful use of nuclear energy, India agrees to aid Egyptian experts in increasing the capacity of the Egyptian research reactor from two to five megawatts.
November 1991	Iran	Proposed sale of a 10MW nuclear research reactor	The AEC confirms in November 1991 that it has made an offer to sell a research reactor to Iran. India cancels the proposed sale in late November after "stiff criticism" from the United States.
1991-1992	Syria, Vietnam, Jordan, Zambia, Egypt, and Nigeria	Technical assistance	Under an Indo-IAEA agreement, 13 scientists from six countries receive uranium exploration and laboratory training in India.
1991-1992	Norway	Ilmenite	Ilmenite from Orissa is sold to Norway for the first time.
1991-1992	Japan	Synthetic rutile	Japan serves as a trial customer for the pilot sale of synthetic rutile.
1993-1994	Unspecified	Technical assistance	Fourteen BARC scientists travel to unspecified countries on behalf of the IAEA.
1994-1995	Sri Lanka	Technical assistance	Under the IAEA's Technical Assistance Program, the BARC lends its expertise in the gamma scanning of distillation columns. This will reportedly benefit the Sri Lankan petrochemical industry.
1994-1995	Peru	Gamma camera PC interface card	IAEA installs this product in Peru through the DAE.
May 1995	Iran	Technical assistance	According to an Israeli report, India and Iran have accelerated cooperation in nuclear research. This includes the sending of Indian nuclear experts to Iran.
1996-1998	South Korea	Heavy water and nuclear grade zircaloy	According to the Indian embassy in Washington, DC, $35,800 worth of heavy water was shipped to South Korea between 1996-1998. Approximately $584,000 worth of nuclear grade zircaloy was also exported to South Korea during this time period.
20 January 1997	South Korea, United States, France and "Nuclear Club" countries	Reactor materials	K.K. Sinha, Chief Executive of India's Nuclear Fuel Complex (NFC), tells a news agency that the NFC has exported reactor materials to Korea and "Nuclear Club" countries.
July 1997	United States	Thorium oxide ceramic buttons (500 pieces)	These nuclear related materials are imported by General Electric.
July 1997	United States	Zirconium	In an interview with Business Line, an Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) representative states that zirconium was exported to the United States by the Nuclear Fuel Complex (NFC).
May-June 1998	South Korea	100 metric tons of heavy water	The Korean Electricity Power Corporation (KEPCO) imports heavy water valued at $22.75 million. The original agreement was signed in May 1994 between the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE) and KEPCO.
1998-1999	Latin American, Asian, and African countries	Gamma Camera Interface Cards	These are exported by BARC through the IAEA.
October 2000	South Korea	16 metric tons of heavy water	This consignment, which was exported by the DAE's Heavy Water Board, reportedly met the technical requirements of the Korean Electricity Power Corporation (KEPCO).
2000-2001	Unspecified	Technical assistance	Under IAEA programs and bilateral agreements, approximately 82 foreign scientists train in India.
2001-2002	Vietnam	Technical assistance	Scientists from Vietnam receive training in uranium fuel production, zircaloy structural components, and analytical techniques at the Nuclear Fuel Complex (NFC).
10 January 2002	Vietnam	Technical and monetary assistance	A nuclear science center in Dalat City is inaugurated by the Director of the Bhabha Atomic Research Center (BARC) and the Vietnamese Vice Minister of Science. India contributed approximately $215,000 for the project and provided five personnel to train Vietnamese scientists at the center. The original agreement for this cooperation was signed on 19 January 1999.

Complete citations and further details are available in the nuclear chronology within this country profile. This table includes all types of reported transactions: complete systems, components and special materials, production technologies and information, training and human resources, etc.

Sources:
Department of Atomic Energy, Government of India, "Annual Report: 1970-1971," "Annual Report: 1971-1972," "Annual Report: 1977-1978," "Annual Report: 1979-1980," "Annual Report: 1982-1983," "Annual Report: 1983-1984," "Annual Report: 1985-1986," "Annual Report: 1991-1992," "Annual Report: 1993-1994," "Annual Report: 1994-1995," "Annual Report: 1998-1999," "Annual Report: 2000-2001," "Annual Report: 2001-2002"; Business Line, Cairo MENA, Deccan Herald (Bangalore), Embassy of India (Washington, DC), <http://www.indianembassy.org>; Inter Press Service; Ma'ariv (Tel Aviv); Nuclear Engineering International; Nucleonics Week; Press Trust of India, Stichting Antenna, <http://www.antenna.nl>; The Hindu (Chennai).


	Updated October 2003

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	India Maps
	Background on Relations Between India and Pakistan
	Nuclear Proliferation and South Asia: Recent Trends
	Implications of Proposed India-U.S. Civil Nuclear Cooperation
	Seven Years After the Nuclear Tests: Appraising South Asia's Nuclear Realities
	Background on Relations between India and Pakistan
	Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CBTB)
	Indo-Pakistani Military Standoff: Why It Isn’t Over Yet
	Treaties and Organizations
	Bhaba Atomic Research Centre (BARC)
	Center for Nonproliferation Studies (CNS): South Asia
	FAS: India Special Weapons Guide
	India-Pakistan, Joint Declaration on the Complete Prohibition of Chemical Weapons
	U.S. Nuclear Cooperation with India: Issues for Congress
	Carnegie: India Resources
	The U.S.-India Nuclear Deal

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