5 January 1984
The Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC) postpones the deadline, for the fifth time, to submit bids for the Chashma nuclear power plant project. The previous deadline of December 31st is extended till March 31st. Industry sources however, indicate that it is less likely for Western nuclear suppliers will submit bids owing to Pakistan's refusal to implement full-scope safeguards on its nuclear facilities.
--"The Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission ha Again Postponed the Deadline for Bids," Nucleonics Week, 5 January 1984, Vol. 25, No. 1, Pg. 10; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 5 January 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

10 January 1984
Chinese Premier Zhao Ziyang assures that China will not assist other nations in developing nuclear weapons. During a White House banquet, Premier Ziyang, assures that "We [China] do not advocate or encourage nuclear proliferation, nor will we ourselves practice nuclear proliferation or help other countries to develop nuclear arms."
--Michael Ross, United Press International, 12 January 1984, International; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 10 January 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

16 January 1984
Pakistan renames the Kahuta nuclear facility as Abdul Qadeer Khan Research Laboratory in recognition of Dr. A.Q. Khan's contribution to Pakistan's nuclear program. Dr. Khan, in an interview with the magazine Qaumi Digest, states that he has achieved for Pakistan within 7 with minimum expenditure what countries like West Germany, Britain, and Holland took 20 years to complete at a cost of almost $2 billion. According to the magazine, Dr. Khan is allowed to recruit personnel to work at the Kahuta project. The magazine also states that two Major-Generals Akbar Khan and Anis Nawab are working for Dr. Khan.
--"Pakistan Names Kahuta Facility for Khan," Nuclear Fuel, 16 January 1984, Vol. 9, No. 2, Pg. 5; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 16 January 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

9 February 1984
Dr. Abdul Qadeer Khan, in an interview with a Pakistani newspaper Nawa-i-Waqt, states that Pakistan has attained the capacity to enrich uranium. Dr. Khan states that "Pakistan has broken the Western countries' monopoly on the enrichment of uranium ... Pakistan is now among the few countries in the world that can efficiently enrich uranium." Insisting the peaceful nature of Pakistan's nuclear program, Dr. Khan also states that Pakistani scientists "would not disappoint the nation" if they are given an "important mission." Dr. Khan also indicates that Pakistan has gained a lead over India in uranium enrichment technology. Dr. Khan also mentions that uranium reserves in Pakistan are sufficient to meet the requirements for the Kahuta facility. Dr. Khan indicates that the Kahuta facility operates independently and thanks Pakistan's President Zia ul-Haq and Finance Minister Ghulam Ishaq Khan for their support for the program.
--"Pakistani Cites Nuclear Advance," New York Times, 10 February 1984, Section A, Pg. 4, Col. 3, Foreign Desk; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 10 February 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com; "Press Interview with Pakistan Nuclear Scientist Abdul Qadeer Khan," BBC Summary of World Broadcasts, 16 February 1984, Part 3. The Far East, C. Pakistan's Nuclear Programme, FE/7568/C/1; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 16 February 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

10 February 1984
In an interview with a newspaper, Jang, Dr. A.Q. Khan suggests that if all tests for the components of a nuclear device are conducted, then, a nuclear test is not necessary to attain nuclear capability.
--"Zia Chastises Western media for Accounts of Khan's Remarks on Weapons Capability," Nuclear Fuel, 27 February 1984, Vol. 9, No. 5, Pg. 11; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 27 February 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

13 February 1984
Pakistan's President Zia ul-Haq states that Pakistan does not have a plan to build an atomic device and indicates that Pakistan will not build a bomb in the future. President Haq's statement, however, does not contradict a statement by Dr. A.Q. Khan that Pakistan can build a bomb if needed.
--"Zia denies Pakistan Building Atom Bomb," Japan Economic Newswire, 14 February 1984; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 14 February 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

14 February 1984
Pakistan's official news agency APP reports that the statement by Dr. A.Q. Khan suggesting Pakistan's ability to enrich uranium and also produce an atomic bomb has been deliberately misinterpreted. According to APP, Dr. Khan later issued a statement indicating that Pakistan possesses "a very limited research and development program solely for peaceful uses."
--"Pakistani Nuclear Program," Washington Post, 14 February 1984, First Section, Around the World, A16; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 14 February 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com; "Zia Chastises Western media for Accounts of Khan's Remarks on Weapons Capability," Nuclear Fuel, 27 February 1984, Vol. 9, No. 5, Pg. 11; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 27 February 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

28 February 1984
The US Senate passes an amendment to the foreign aid bill to block the sale of nuclear components, materials or technology to countries that have not implemented full-scope safeguards stipulated under the NPT. The amendment is proposed by Senator Gordon J. Humphrey (R-NM) and Senator William V. Roth Jr. (R-DE). The amendment is passed by voice vote. The countries affected by the amendment are Pakistan, India, Israel, Argentina, Brazil, and South Africa.
--Clyde H. Farnsworth, "Senate Votes to Restrict Nuclear Exports," New York Times, 29 February 1984, Section D, Pg. 16, Col. 1, Financial Desk; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 29 February 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

27 February - 3 March 1984
At a dinner for the visiting Director General of the IAEA, Hans Blix, PAEC Chairman Munir Ahmad Khan says that Pakistan cannot afford to be involved in a nuclear weapons race. Dr. Khan also states that nonproliferation policies must be fair to both developed and developing countries. Dr. Blix also meets with President Zia ul-Haq and Foreign Minister Sahabzada Yaqub and discusses about future nuclear power projects in Pakistan.
--"Pakistan cannot Afford to Engage in the Nuclear Weapons Race," Nucleonics Week, 8 March 1984, Vol. 25, No. 10, Pg. 9; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 8 March 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

3 March 1984
The Director General of the IAEA, Hans Blix, states that Pakistan possesses the necessary organizational capacity and technical knowledge to manage large projects on the peaceful uses of nuclear energy. Dr. Blix indicates that Pakistan possesses the necessary manpower and safeguards mechanisms to undertake projects to explore the peaceful uses of nuclear energy.
--"Pakistan Capable of Developing Nuclear Energy, says IAEA," Xinhua General Overseas News Service, 4 March 1984; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 4 March 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

7 March 1984
At a civic reception held in Lahore, the Chinese President Li Xiannian states that China endorses the proposal for the creation of an Indian Ocean peace zone and for the creation of a nuclear weapons-free zone in South Asia.
--"Lahore Civic Reception in Honor of Chinese President," Xinhua General Overseas News Service, 7 March 1984; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 7 March 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

23 March 1983
Salim Ahmed Mohamedy, a Pakistani and an accomplice of Nazir Ahmed Vaid, issues a check to Electrotex to settle the balance amount for the 50 KN-22 krytrons ordered by Mr. Vaid.
--Rick Atkinson, "Use in Arms Feared; Nuclear parts Sought by Pakistanis," Washington Post, 21 July 1984, First Section, A1; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 21 July 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

26 March 1984
The Belgian firm Belgionucleaire waits approval from the Belgian government to resume operations on a fuel cycle laboratory project at the PINSTECH facility in Rawalpindi. The work is halted owing to pressure from the US government. Some sources are optimistic that the approval will be provided by the end of this year whereas other sources are skeptical that the United States will provide its consent for the project during its election year. The resumption of nuclear cooperation is linked to Pakistan's acceptance of full-scope safeguards on all its nuclear facilities. Recent Pakistani press reports indicate that Belgionucleaire has sold a laboratory-scale reprocessing unit to PAEC. The reprocessing unit, according to the press reports, has not made any "hot runs." Sources, however, indicate that Belgionucleaire is not involved in the reprocessing unit and that the firm's contract involves only the supply of other parts of the nuclear fuel-cycle such as the fuel-cutting station, and plutonium and uranium preparation stations. Earlier in 1972, Belgionucleaire won the contract for the supply for a complete fuel-cycle reprocessing laboratory. However, the contract for the reprocessing unit was given to the French firm SGN as a condition for the supply of an industrial-scale reprocessing unit at Chashma. The French firm, later, withdrew from the contract in 1977. According to a source, Belgionucleaire maintains that its contract is still valid and is awaiting permission from the Belgian government to proceed with the partially-completed second phase of the project. The firm has already completed the first part of the contract that involved a detailed study of the fuel cycle complex. The firm has also completed the evaluation of bids received for equipment and services, which constitutes a portion of the second part of the contract. The third phase involves assistance in the construction of the laboratory. The PAEC has earlier attempted to complete the fuel cycle laboratory indigenously without success. A Belgionucleaire technical taskforce concluded in early 1983 that the facility cannot be completed by Pakistan since Pakistan does not have the necessary equipment like specialized electric cabling and also does not possess the necessary organizational workforce. Further, according to sources, PAEC Chairman Munir Ahmad Khan has declared that the laboratory will not be operated until all safety concerns are met. According to a source, Pakistan would need 3 or 4 experts from Belgionucleaire to ensure complete safety of the laboratory. The source denies any knowledge over the operational capability of the reprocessing unit that was contracted to SGN. SGN is believed to have supplied the necessary blueprints for the reprocessing unit.
--Ann MacLachlan, "Belgians Awaiting Government Approval to Complete Pakistani Reprocessing Lab," Nuclear Fuel, Vol. 9, No. 7, Pg. 9; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 26 March 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

26 March 1984
An Associated Press report quotes a statement by the Indian Foreign Secretary that "Pakistan has manufactured an atomic bomb and China may have helped it to explode its first underground nuclear device." The Foreign Secretary's statement also indicates that Pakistan's Foreign Minister attended a 2-day meeting with nuclear experts at the nuclear testing site in China.
--"Pakistan has no Atomic Bomb, says Pakistani Foreign Office Spokesman," Xinhua General Overseas News Service, 28 March 1984; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 28 March 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

27 March 1984
India's Ministry of External Affairs rejects a news report quoting remarks by the Indian Foreign Secretary. A foreign ministry spokesperson Salman Haider states that "the Foreign Secretary categorically denies the remarks attributed to him."
--"Indian Foreign Ministry Denies Statement on Pakistani A-Bomb," Xinhua General Overseas News Service, 29 March 1984; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 29 March 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

27 March 1984
A Pakistani foreign ministry spokesperson refutes the statement made by the Indian Foreign Secretary alleging that Pakistan has conducted a nuclear test with Chinese assistance. The spokesperson also rejects that the Pakistan's Foreign Minister visited China to attend a meeting of nuclear experts.
--"Pakistan has no Atomic Bomb, says Pakistani Foreign Office Spokesman," Xinhua General Overseas News Service, 28 March 1984; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 28 March 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

28 March 1984
The Senate Foreign Relations Committee adopts an amendment to the Foreign Aid Bill that requires a halt any assistance to Pakistan unless the US President certifies that Pakistan "does not possess a nuclear explosive device, and is not acquiring, overtly or covertly, technology, material, or equipment for the purpose of manufacturing or detonating a nuclear explosive device." The amendment is proposed by Senator Alan Cranston (D-CA) and co-sponsored by Senator John Glenn (D-OH). The amendment is adopted by a voice vote The Under Secretary of State for Security Assistance William Schneider says the amendment will undermine US efforts to convince Pakistan to accept nuclear non-proliferation agreements. Sen. Cranston and Sen. Glenn, however, argue that existing US efforts are inadequate to force Pakistan to accept non-proliferation standards.
--W. Dale Nelson, "Committee Overrides Administration Objections," Associated Press, 28 March 1984, Washington Dateline; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 28 March 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

30 March 1984
Niger's Minister for Education and Scientific Research Illa Maikassoua announces that Niger will send its scientists to Pakistan for training to operate a radio-isotope center. A nuclear cooperation agreement was signed between Niger and Pakistan in March 1983 during the visit of Niger's Prime Minister to Pakistan.
--Shahid-ur-Rehman, "Pakistan will Help Malaysia in the Peaceful Use of Nuclear Energy," Nucleonics Week, 5 April 1984, Vol. 25, No. 14, Pg. 7; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 5 April 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

3 April 1984
The Reagan administration is considering dropping its efforts to pass the foreign aid bill. Administrations sources indicate that the amendments proposed to the foreign aid bill restrict the utility of the bill. Regarding Pakistan, administration sources indicate that it might not be possible to certify that Pakistan is not developing a nuclear device because of reports over its attempts to attain such a capability. An amendment proposed by Sen. Cranston (D-CA) and Sen. Glenn (D-OH) requires the US President to certify that Pakistan does not possess a nuclear device as a condition for transferring aid to Pakistan.
--Don Oberdorfer, "Administration may Abandon Effort to Enact Foreign Aid Bill," Washington Post, 3 April 1984, First Section, A6; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 3 April 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

5 April 1984
Malaysia's Prime Minister Mahathir Mohammad announces that Pakistan and Malaysia have agreed to cooperate in the nuclear field for the peaceful use of nuclear energy. The Malaysian Prime Minister does not provide specific details of the proposed cooperation and states that Pakistan has agreed to train Malaysian scientists in Pakistan's nuclear facilities. Pakistan is also expected to assist Malaysia in setting-up a nuclear research center. A joint-communiqué issued at the end of Prime Minister Mohammad's visit to Pakistan does not include the agreement on nuclear cooperation. The communiqué mentions the two countries' support for the establishment of a nuclear weapons-free zone in South Asia and Southeast Asia.
--Shahid-ur-Rehman, "Pakistan will Help Malaysia in the Peaceful Use of Nuclear Energy," Nucleonics Week, 5 April 1984, Vol. 25, No. 14, Pg. 7; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 5 April 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

5 April 1984
According to a source at the PAEC, Pakistan indefinitely postpones the submission date for bids for the Chashma nuclear power plant project. Discussions are expected to be held with the supplier countries and no new deadline is announced.
--"Pakistan has Indefinitely Postponed," Nucleonics Week, 5 April 1984, Vol. 25, No. 14, Pg. 6; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 5 April 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

11 April 1984
Pakistan's Production Minister Lt. Gen. Saeed Qadir indicates that the government is seeking Soviet assistance for the nuclear power plant project at Chashma. The move is made following the failure of Western suppliers to submit bids for the project.
--"Pakistani Leader says he won't Run for President," Christian Science Monitor, 11 April 1984, News in Brief, Pg. 2; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 11 April 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

12 April 1984
The US Senate Foreign Relations Committee reverses an amendment passed on 28 March that required a Presidential certification that Pakistan does not possess a nuclear device as a precondition for aid to Pakistan. By a vote of 9-8, the Committee reverses the earlier amendment that was passed by a voice vote. The amendment was sponsored by Senator Alan Cranston (D-CA) and co-sponsored by Senator John Glenn (D-OH). According to sources, the reversal occurred after the US administration convinced some senators that a cut-off of aid due to the amendment might cause Pakistan to develop nuclear weapons for its security.
--"The Senate Foreign Relations Committee has Reversed a Decision to Block," Nucleonics Week, 12 April 1984, Vol. 25, No. 15, Pg. 8; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 12 April 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

2 May 1984
US administration officials indicate that China is adopting a different strategy towards nuclear proliferation after the conclusion of a nuclear cooperation agreement with the United States. The nuclear cooperation agreement was reached during President Reagan's trip to China. US officials indicate that Chinese officials have pledged not to assist other countries in developing nuclear weapons.
--Bernard Gwertzman, "China's Signing of Atom Pact seen as a Major Policy Change," New York Times, 3 May 1984, Section A, Pg. 8, Col. 3, Foreign Desk; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 3 May 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

4 May 1984
A Senate report submitted to the Senate Foreign Relations Committee recommends the Congress to require Pakistan to halt all efforts to acquire nuclear weapons as a pre-condition for sanctioning further US aid. The report is prepared by Peter W. Galbraith who is a member of the Committee's minority staff. The report concludes that US-Pakistan relations are "fragile" and relations between the two countries could be damaged, not necessarily by differences over nuclear policies. Mr. Galbraith, in his report, states that Pakistan might not respond negatively if further restrictions are added for the transfer of America aid. Mr. Galbraith recommends enacting legislation that would require Pakistan to cease its efforts to acquire nuclear weapons technology or open its nuclear facilities for IAEA inspections. Mr. Galbraith suggests that the United States should use the leverage, gained through the aid program, to promote non-proliferation, human rights, and narcotics control in Pakistan.
--Daniel Southerland, "Senate Report says that Pakistan Still Working on A-Bomb," Christian Science, 4 May 1984, National, Pg. 3; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 4 May 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

Second Week of June 1984
The US Ambassador to China Arthur W. Hummel Jr. is asked to meet Chinese officials to seek clarifications regarding China's pledge to prevent the proliferation of nuclear weapons. Mr. Hummel is instructed to seek information and not to accuse China of proliferation.
--Leslie H. Gelb, "Pakistan Tie Imperils US-China Nuclear Pact," New York Times, 22 June 1984, Section A, Pg. 1, Col. 4, Foreign Desk; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 22 June 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

11-15 June 1984
The Congressional approval for the nuclear cooperation agreement between China and the United States is unlikely to be passed by the Congress. The current problem for the passage of the nuclear agreement is due to the additional assurances sought by US officials from China over its nuclear transfers. Chinese officials refuse to provide any additional assurances, arguing that the necessary assurances were provided during President Reagan's trip to China in April. The additional assurances are sought after US intelligence information indicates that China assisted Pakistan's nuclear weapons program. According to an official, China is believed to be supplying nuclear fuel and nuclear technology to Pakistan and other countries. The Chinese aid is believed to have continued even after Chinese Premier Zhao Ziyang promised in January not to assist other countries in developing nuclear weapons. It is not known whether the request for additional assurances is made following new intelligence information. Some sources indicate that the intelligence agencies possessed the information for quite some time, rather, the information is being scrutinized only now in preparation for the Congressional approval of the nuclear deal. The visiting Chinese Defense Minister Zhang Aiping is believed to have expressed extreme displeasure over the request for additional assurances. Mr. Aiping says that he will verify the reports upon his return and respond. A senior official, however, denies that the United States is seeking additional assurances from China. China and the United States signed a nuclear cooperation agreement on April 30 during President Reagan's trip to China.
--Don Oberdorfer, "Arms Sales Snags Pact with China; US seeks Promise on Proliferation for Nuclear Deal," Washington Post, 15 June 1984, First Section, A1; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 15 June 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com; United Press International, 15 June 1984, Washington News; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 15 June 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com; Richard Halloran, "US-China Nuclear Pact hits Snags," New York Times, 16 June 1984, Section 1, Pg. 5, Col. 1, Foreign Desk; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 16 June 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

20 June 1984
Senator Alan Cranston (D-CA) announces that "Pakistan has now acquired all the capability necessary to produce nuclear weapons." Sen. Cranston plans to make the revelation on the Senate floor tomorrow. The Senator indicates that he received the information from a recently declassified study conducted by a team of more than 90 experts for the Defense Nuclear Agency. Sen. Cranston accuses the US State department and the Reagan administration of withholding information from the Congress over the issue. The State Department does not comment on Sen. Cranston's remarks. But, privately, officials indicate that China's past nuclear assistance to Pakistan was known for quite sometime. US officials also reveal that the United States had conducted serious discussions with Pakistan not to detonate a nuclear device.
--"Cranston Says Pakistan can make A-Bomb," New York Times, 21 June 1984, Section A, Pg. 14, Col. 1, Foreign Desk; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 21 June 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

21 June 1984
US Congressional sources and Reagan administration officials indicate that China might be continuing its assistance to Pakistan's nuclear weapons program. Officials indicate that China might be assisting Pakistan in the development of centrifuges for enriching uranium. Many administration officials urge caution, suggesting that evidence of continuing Chinese assistance is far from conclusive. Some officials believe that China might gain from Pakistan's nuclear program since Pakistan has been involved in pilfering advanced western nuclear technology for the past few years. The officials indicate that "some evidence" reveals that, in 1983, China provided Pakistan with a bomb design based on the fourth type of bomb tested by China. Certain other officials believe the evidence to be speculative, but, nevertheless concede that China assisted Pakistan's nuclear weapons program until last year.
--Leslie H. Gelb, "Pakistan Tie Imperils US-China Nuclear Pact," New York Times, 22 June 1984, Section A, Pg. 1, Col. 4, Foreign Desk; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 22 June 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

22 June 1984
China informs the United States that it will not provide additional assurances apart from those already provided. The Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian Affairs William A. Brown briefs legislative aides on the issue and tells that certain activities are continuing between Pakistan and China. According to Mr. Brown, both the nations are being questioned over the issue through diplomatic channels. According to sources, Mr. Brown indicates that information regarding the exact nature of Chinese assistance to Pakistan is not conclusive. Sources also indicate that in 1983 China transferred design for the fourth device detonated by China and not the design for the fourth nuclear device built by China.
--Leslie H. Gelb, "Peking said to Balk at Nuclear Pledges," New York Times, 23 June 1984, Section 1, Pg. 3, Col. 4, Foreign Desk; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 23 June 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

22 June 1984
Salim Ahmed Mohamedy and another Pakistani Ilyas Ahmed Mohamedy contact a Houston freight forwarding agent AEI to pick up a package for export to Pakistan. The package is labeled as "printed materials and office supplies" and AEI delivers the package to Houston Intercontinental Airport. The package is seized by US Customs agents upon arrival at the airport. US Customs officers arrest Nazir Ahmed Vaid for attempting to export 50 krytrons out of the United States. Krytrons are high-speed switches that can be used as triggers for nuclear weapons and can also be used for other applications like lasers. Mr. Vaid paid $4,000 for the krytrons.
--United Press International, 29 June 1984, Domestic News; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 29 June 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com; "Pakistanis Accused of Moving Nuke Parts," United Press International, 17 July 1984, Domestic News; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 17 July 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com; Rick Atkinson, "Use in Arms Feared; Nuclear parts Sought by Pakistanis," Washington Post, 21 July 1984, First Section, A1; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 21 July 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

28 June 1984
US sources indicate that Pakistan and China might be cooperating in developing each other's nuclear weapons program. According to sources, China is assisting Pakistan in resolving engineering problems in building centrifuges for uranium enrichment. In return, Pakistan might be providing advanced centrifuge designs for uranium enrichment. China uses gaseous diffusion process for enriching uranium.
--Michael Knapik, "White House Finds Questions but "No Smoking Gun" on China Agreement," Nucleonics Week, 28 June 1984, Vol. 25, No. 26, Pg. 4; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 23 June 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

29 June 1984
US Magistrate Calvin Botley orders Nazir Ahmed Vaid to remain in custody and sets a bond for $200,000 and refuses to lower the amount. Justice Botley says Mr. Vaid should pay the entire amount instead of the usual 10% in order to be released on bail. Mr. Vaid is charged with providing false customs declaration and conspiring to violate US Neutrality Act. US Attorney argues that Vaid is a Pakistani agent and says "we strongly suspect Mr. Vaid is acting at the instructions of the Pakistani government and that the purchase of the krytrons was for Pakistani use in obtaining a nuclear weapon." According to information provided by Customs agent Justice McCalley, Mr. Vaid first attempted to procure Krytrons directly from E.G. & G Electro-Optics, the only firm in the United States that manufactures krytrons. The firm refuses to sell the krytrons to Mr. Vaid when he indicates the final destination to be Pakistan. Mr. Vaid was asked to obtain US State Department authorization for the purchase. Later, the firm E.G. & G received an order for 50 krytrons from a electronics company in Houston and the firm informed the Customs agency regarding the new purchase order.
--United Press International, 29 June 1984, Domestic News; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 29 June 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

5 July 1984
Pakistan's allocates $35 million for PAEC projects, including $10 million for the Chashma nuclear power project, in its budget for the year 1984-85. Pakistan's Planning Minister Mahboob-ul-Haq indicates a lack of progress in the construction of the Chashma nuclear power plant since no major supplier has submitted bids for the project. Other budget allocations include $13 million for a classified re-processing plant, $4.5 million for a nuclear mineral survey, and $1.5 million for an on-going uranium exploration project in Dera Ghazi Khan.
--Shahid0ur-Rehman, "Pakistan's Budget for 1984-85 Provides $35 million," Nucleonics Week, 5 July 1984, Vol. 25, No. 27, Pg. 13; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 5 July 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

11 - 13 July 1984
11 Western suppliers of nuclear technology meet in Luxemburg to strengthen nuclear export control regulations. One of the important issues that forced the group to convene is Pakistan's efforts to acquire nuclear weapons. The Luxemburg meeting represents the first meeting, since 1977, for most of the members of the 15-member of the London Suppliers Club.
--Leslie H. Gelb, "Nuclear Nations Agree to Tighten Export Controls," New York Times, 16 July 1984, Section A, Pg. 1, Col. 1, Foreign Desk; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 16 July 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

16 July 1984
A federal grand jury indicts three Pakistani nationals Nazir Ahmed Vaid, Salim Ahmed Mohamedy, and Ilyas Ahmed Mohamedy on charges of providing false statements to US Customs officials, violating US export laws governing munitions, and conspiracy. Mr. Vaid is in custody with a bond amount of $200,000. The other two charged persons are arrested and the bond amount for bail is set at $100,000. US Assistant Attorney Sam Longoria and Defense Attorney William Burge refuse to comment on the case citing a gag order issued by the judge.
--"Pakistanis Accused of Moving Nuke Parts," United Press International, 17 July 1984, Domestic News; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 17 July 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com; Rick Atkinson, "Use in Arms Feared; Nuclear parts Sought by Pakistanis," Washington Post, 21 July 1984, First Section, A1; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 21 July 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

17 July 1984
Reagan administration officials state that China's assistance to Pakistan's nuclear weapons program is a major road-block in consummating the nuclear cooperation agreement signed between China and the United States during President Reagan's China trip in April. US officials express serious concern over the presence of Chinese officials at the Kahuta enrichment facility and indicate that the situation is being closely observed. US officials believe that China and Pakistan are engaged in a mutual agreement wherein China will assist Pakistan in overcoming the technical hurdles for building uranium enrichment centrifuges and in return China might get access to the advanced centrifuge designs stolen by Pakistan. Other reports also suggest that China transferred a quantity of weapons grade highly enriched uranium (HEU) sufficient for a few nuclear devices. Some US officials, however, express doubts over the report.
--Simon Henderson and Alain Cass, "Washington May Freeze Nuclear Pact with China," Financial Times (London), 17 July 1984, Section 1, Pg. 1; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 17 July 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

19 July 1984
Canada convicts 2 Pakistanis of attempting to export US-made equipment to Pakistan without obtaining the required permits. The company Serabit Electronics Ltd. is also convicted. Canada arrested 3 men, Salam Elmenyawi, Mohammad Ahmad, and Abdul Aziz Khan in August 1980 while attempting to illegally export electrical components to Pakistan. Salam Elmenyawi and Mohammad Ahmad are fined $3,000 each on a minor technical charge. The third man, Abdul Aziz Khan, believed to be the prime suspect is acquitted of charges. Abdul Aziz Khan is acquitted after he convinces the Canadian jury over the harmless nature of Dr. Abdul Qadeer Khan's research work. The evidence produced by the Canadian prosecutors against Abdul Aziz Khan included letters written by Dr. A.Q. Khan inviting Abdul Aziz Khan to work on a project of "national importance", ambiguous letters explaining the progress of research, and letters explaining the problems faced by the research program. Abdul Aziz Khan also claimed ignorance of the article, explaining uranium enrichment, which was seized during his arrest. Abdul Aziz Khan also claimed during the trial that the inverters (confiscated during the time of his arrest) were intended for use in a textile plant and a food processing plant.
--Rick Atkinson, "Use in Arms Feared; Nuclear parts Sought by Pakistanis," Washington Post, 21 July 1984, First Section, A1; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 21 July 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com; John J. Fialka, "Nuclear Club: Set to Explode? - Nuclear Spread: How Pakistan Secured US Devices in Canada to make Atomic Arms - Despite Proliferation Barriers, Nation will soon have Ability to Produce Bombs - Jitters in India and the West," Wall Street Journal, 26 November 1984, Pg. 1; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 26 November 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

20 July 1984
The Information Minister at Pakistan's Embassy in London denies any Chinese assistance in Pakistan's nuclear program. The Minister reaffirms the peaceful nature of Pakistan's nuclear program and states that such allegations have been denied by both China and Pakistan. The Minister also deplores the criticism of Pakistan's nuclear program and points to the lack of such criticism for the nuclear weapons program of India, Israel, and South Africa.
--"Pakistan's Nuclear Programme," Financial Times (London), 20 July 1984, Section 1, Letters to the Editor, Pg. 13; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 20 July 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

20 July 1984
A Pakistani embassy spokesperson Iqbal Butt indicates that a request has been made to the US State Department to allow a Pakistani official to visit the three Pakistanis indicted in Houston. The spokesperson denies that Mr. Vaid is representing the Pakistani government and states that the Pakistani embassy learnt of the affair only through the newspapers. The spokesperson also states that Pakistan's nuclear program is only geared towards peaceful purposes.
--Rick Atkinson, "Use in Arms Feared; Nuclear parts Sought by Pakistanis," Washington Post, 21 July 1984, First Section, A1; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 21 July 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

2 August 1984
According a Pakistani news agency, Pakistan succeeds in enriching graphite to over 99%, enabling its use in a nuclear reactor. The graphite is mined in the Neelam valley in the Pakistani part of Kashmir. Pakistani officials also believe that a graphite processing plant might be built in Pakistan controlled part of Kashmir where 0.5 million tons of good quality graphite is available. The pre-investment study was conducted by Pakistan Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (PCSIR) and the pilot as well as laboratory studies for graphite purification have been successful completed. Graphite is used as a moderator in natural uranium fueled uranium reactors that can be used for producing plutonium. Pakistani officials did not provide information on the rationale for purifying graphite. Pakistan's sole nuclear reactor is moderated by heavy-water.
--Shahid-ur-Rehman, "Pakistan Reports it is Working on Graphite Purification for Reactor Use," Nucleonics Week, 2 August 1984, Vol. 25, No. 31, Pg. 1; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 2 August 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

2 August 1984
A statement by the Pakistani Embassy in the United States reports that Pakistan's laboratory-scale plutonium reprocessing facility possesses limited capacity and states that it will take several decades for Pakistan to develop even a single nuclear weapon. The statement further states that Pakistan does not possess a team for designing nuclear weapons.
--"Other Reports; Pakistan Reaffirms Peaceful Atomic Programme," BBC Summary of World Broadcasts, 4 August 1984, Part 3. The Far East, A. International Affairs, 1. General and Western Affairs, FE/7713/A1/1; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 4 August 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

9 August 1984
US State Department officials ask technical experts to examine the recent reports regarding Pakistan's efforts to purify graphite for use in nuclear reactors. A Congressional source indicates that Pakistan's ability to purify graphite will allow it to build a production reactor that can provide Pakistan with an un-safeguarded source of plutonium. The Congressional source also expresses doubts whether Pakistan possesses the technical expertise needed to operate a graphite-moderated nuclear reactor.

Senator Alan Cranston (D-CA) announces his intention to propose a legislation that will require a cut-off in the further sale of F-16 fighter planes to Pakistan unless Pakistan opens its nuclear facilities to IAEA inspections. Sen. Cranston also states that the proposed legislation will also require the US President to certify that Pakistan is not developing nuclear weapons. The Reagan administration indicates that it will oppose the proposed legislation, stating that such legislation will provoke Pakistan to proceed faster in its efforts to develop nuclear weapons.
--Mike Knapik, "US State Department Officials were Apparently Unaware that Pakistan," Nucleonics Week, 9 August 1984, Vol. 25, No. 32, Pg. 2; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 9 August 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

12 September 1984
US President Ronald Reagan sends a personal letter to Pakistan's President Zia ul-Haq warning that Pakistan might lose American military aid if it persists to pursue its nuclear weapons program. The letter warns President Haq not to enrich uranium beyond 5% at the Kahuta enrichment facility. Certain reactors require 5% enriched uranium for operation and nuclear weapons usually require uranium enriched to over 90%. The enrichment level restriction is believed to be a new "marker" for Pakistan to receive American aid. The other markers include: not testing a bomb, not reprocessing plutonium, not assembling a bomb, and not asking other country to test a device on Pakistan's behalf.
--David Ignatius, "US Pressuring Pakistan to Abandon Controversial Nuclear-Arms Program," Wall Street Journal, 25 October 1984, Pg. 37; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 25 October 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com; Simon Henderson, "US Warns Pakistan on Enriching Uranium," Financial Times (London), 7 December 1984, Section 1, Overseas News, Pg. 3; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 7 December 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

13 September 1984
CIA officials brief members of the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence on the renewal of tensions between India and Pakistan. According to two members of the Committee, CIA officials informed the Committee that India's Prime Minister Indira Gandhi was urged earlier this year by some senior aides to attack Pakistan's Kahuta enrichment facility. The Committee's Chairman Senator Barry M. Goldwater (R-AZ) and Vice-Chairman Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan (D-NY) express concern over the possibility of an Indian air raid on Pakistan's Kahuta enrichment facility.
--Philip Taubman, "Worsening India-Pakistan Ties Worry US," New York Times, 15 September 1984, Section 1, Pg. 2, Col. 2, Foreign Desk; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 15 September 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

15 September 1984
US officials term as alarmist the ABC news report which stated that India's Prime Minister is being urged by her military planners to launch a pre-emptive strike against Pakistan's nuclear facilities. Some officials say that the news report might be based on the CIA briefing provided to the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence on 13 September.
--Don Oberdorfer, "US sees India-Pakistan Rifts not as Signals of Imminent War," Washington Post, 15 September 1984, First Section, World News, A23; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 15 September 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

20 September 1984
Pakistan's President Zia ul-Haq says that Pakistan has taken steps to protect its nuclear facilities from an Indian attack. President Haq states that he is seeking further information on the reports, including the CIA briefing to the US Senate, stating the threat to Pakistan's nuclear facilities. Pakistan's President also rejects the reports as part of CIA's efforts to force Pakistan to provide leasing bases within Pakistan to the United States.
--Shahid-ur-Rehman, "Pakistan has Taken Steps to Protect its Nuclear Installations from Attack," Nucleonics Week, 20 September 1984, Vol. 25, No. 38, Pg. 4; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 20 September 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

25 September 1984
In a report to the 28th session of the IAEA, China promises to undertake sufficient measures to ensure that other nations do not use Chinese technology to develop nuclear weapons. The leader of the Chinese delegation Jiang Xinxiong informs the IAEA that 'China will, in exporting its nuclear materials and equipment, request the recipient countries to accept the safeguards in line with the principles established in the agency's statute." China is suspected by the United States of assisting Pakistan's nuclear weapons program.
--"China Opposes Spread of Nuclear Arms," United Press International, 25 September 1984, International; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 25 September 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

4 October 1984
PAEC Chairman Munir Ahmad Khan states that Pakistan's graphite purification efforts are not related to its nuclear program. Mr. Khan insists that the work is done independently on an experimental level. Mr. Khan says that the graphite purification is not useful for Pakistan's nuclear program since its existing reactor is a heavy-water moderated reactor and its future reactors will be light-water reactors (LWRs). Mr. Khan indicates that no plans are formulated to expand the scale of the graphite purification effort. Mr. Khan also reveals Pakistan's decision to discontinue setting new dates for the submission of bids for the Chashma nuclear power plant project. Mr. Khan indicates that the current plan involves bilateral discussions with the suppliers. According to Dr. Khan, Framatome and Kraftweek Union are being considered for the project.

In his address to the IAEA, Munir Ahmad Khan reports that the KANUPP reactor is operating satisfactorily despite the imposition of embargoes on the plant. According to Dr. Khan, Pakistan managed to manufacture the fuel and necessary spare parts for the power plant. Dr. Khan mentions that the KANUPP facility has achieved the designed maximum burn-up of 7,000-8,000 Mw-Days per metric ton after several days of irradiation.
--Ann MacLachlan, "Pakistan AEC Denies Graphite Purification to Aid Nuclear Program," Nucleonics Week, Vol. 25, No. 40, Pg. 3; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 4 October 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

5 October 1984
A news report in the Pakistani daily Nawa-i-Waqt states that US President Ronald Reagan, in a letter to President Zia ul-Haq, offered to place Pakistan under the US nuclear umbrella if Pakistan renounces its nuclear weapons program.
--"Information: Latin, Caribbean News Agencies End Meeting," IPS-Inter Press Service, 15 October 1984; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 15 October 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com; William K. Stevens, "India Worried by US Links to Pakistanis," New York Times, 21 October 1984, Section 1, Part 1, Pg. 7, Col. 1, Foreign Desk; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 21 October 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com; William Claiborne, "US Official Holds Talks in India on Aid Row; Arms Supply to Pakistan at Issue," Washington Post, 23 October 1984, First Section, World News, A20; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 23 October 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

11 October 1984
Pakistan's Foreign Minister Sahabzada Yaqub-Khan, without revealing the specifics, states that Pakistan has undertaken "appropriate defensive measures" to protect its nuclear facilities from an Indian attack. Some US sources indicate that some Pakistani nuclear facilities have been moved under-ground as part of its defensive measures.
--Don Oberdorfer, "Pakistan Concerned about Attack on Atomic Plants; Possible Assault by India Regarded as 'Serious Threat,' Foreign Minister says," Washington Post, 12 October 1984, First Section, World News, A28; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 12 October 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

15 October 1984
West German Chancellor Helmut Kohl says that West Germany cannot help Pakistan to develop atomic energy as long as it remains outside the NPT. Chancellor Kohl says "We fully understand Pakistan's goals, but there are a lot of problems. We and our friends in the European Community and in America wish that as many countries as possible would accede to the Nonproliferation Treaty." Chancellor Kohl is on an overnight visit to Pakistan after a 6-day visit to China.
--'Kohl, Zia Confer," Washington Post, 15 October 1984, First Section, World News, Around the World, A12; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 15 October 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

17 October 1984
Pakistan's President Zia ul-Haq says that West Germany has provided training for Pakistan's nuclear reactor workers and has agreed to consider providing financial aid for the construction of the Chashma nuclear power plant. President Haq mentions that Pakistan sought West German assistance during Chancellor Kohl's visit to Pakistan. According to President Haq, Chancellor Kohl wanted certain clarifications on Pakistan's nuclear program and promised to consider Pakistan's request for further cooperation in the $1.6 billion Chashma nuclear power plant project. West Germany does not respond on Pakistan's claim that West Germany provided training to Pakistani nuclear reactor workers.
--United Press International, 17 October 1984, International; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 17 October 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

19 October 1984
Retired Lt. Gen Faiz Ali Chishti claims that Pakistan possesses the capability to develop a nuclear weapon but lacks the technology to deliver the weapon. Lt. Gen Chishti states "what is required is ... a delivery system." The retired Pakistani Army General is believed to have assisted in obtaining nuclear techniques and security for Pakistan's nuclear facilities. Lt. Gen Chishti retired from the army in 1981.
--"Says Pakistan can male A-Bomb, but can't Drop it," United Press International, 19 October 1984, International; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 19 October 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

23 October 1984
US Assistant Secretary of State Richard Murphy says that the United States is convinced that India will not attack Pakistan's nuclear facilities. Mr. Murphy also denies that the United States offered to place Pakistan under its nuclear umbrella in return for Pakistan's renunciation of its nuclear weapons program.
--"Other Reports; USA Denies Offer of "nuclear umbrella" to Pakistan," BBC Summary of World Broadcasts, 25 October 1984, Part 3. The Far East; A. International Affairs, a. General and Western Affairs, FE/7783/A1/1; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 25 October 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

25 October 1984
US State Department officials state that Pakistan is continuing its uranium enrichment effort and other efforts to purchase nuclear equipment despite recent warnings delivered by US Assistant Secretary of State Richard Murphy. Mr. Murphy is believed to have delivered the message that continuation of the nuclear program "in certain areas" will endanger the security relationship between Pakistan and the United States.
--"United States: Defends Military Support for Pakistan," IPS-Inter Press Service, 25 October 1984; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 25 October 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com; David Ignatius, "US Pressuring Pakistan to Abandon Controversial Nuclear-Arms Program," Wall Street Journal, 25 October 1984, Pg. 37; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 25 October 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

27-28 October 1984
A Congressional Research Service (CRS) report states that several countries are acquiring capabilities that might be used to develop nuclear weapons. The CRS report examines 23 countries of which 5 are identified with posing the greatest "proliferation threat." The 5 countries are Pakistan, India, Israel, South Africa, and Argentina. The report titled "An Assessment of the Proliferation Threat Today and Tomorrow" is prepared by Warren Donnelly for Senator William Proxmire (D-Wisconsin).
--Brad Knickerbocker, "Worldwide Concern Sharpens on Issue of Nuclear Proliferation," Christian Science Monitor, 31 October 1984, Pg. 1; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 31 October 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com; "Proliferation Dangers Cited in Two Publications," Nuclear News, Safeguards, Reports, Pg. 95; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, December 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

November 1984
Nazir Ahmed Vaid, a Pakistani arrested while attempting to export krytrons to Pakistan, pleads guilty to charges of attempting to illegally export 50 high-speed switches (krytrons) to Pakistan. US intelligence sources indicate that Pakistan also attempted to acquire precision-based explosives that are part of the triggering mechanism in a nuclear weapon.
--John J. Fialka, "Nuclear Club: Set to Explode? - Nuclear Spread: How Pakistan Secured US Devices in Canada to make Atomic Arms - Despite Proliferation Barriers, Nation will soon have Ability to Produce Bombs - Jitters in India and the West," Wall Street Journal, 26 November 1984, Pg. 1; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 26 November 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

8 November 1984
Pakistan's President Zia ul-Haq restates his proposal for mutual inspections of nuclear facilities between India and Pakistan. President Haq states that he had made the proposal 3 years ago and did not receive any response from India. President Haq states that "Pakistan and India should forget the rest of the world and appoint a joint commission to inspect each other's nuclear facilities." President Haq made the offer in New Delhi during his trip to attend the cremation ceremony of India's former Prime Minister Indira Gandhi.
--Shahid-ur-Rehman Khan, "Pakistan's President General Zia-ul-Haq has Reiterated his Offer to India," Nucleonics Week, 8 November 1984, Vol. 25, No. 45, Pg. 9; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 8 November 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

16 November 1984
Pakistan's Foreign Minister Yaqub Ali Khan presents President Zia ul-Haq's reply to President Reagan during a meeting at the White House. President Reagan wrote a letter in September warning President Haq against continuing Pakistan's nuclear weapons program. President Haq, in his reply, provides assurances that Pakistan will not enrich uranium beyond 5% as requested by President Reagan.
-- Simon Henderson, "US Warns Pakistan on Enriching Uranium," Financial Times (London), 7 December 1984, Section 1, Overseas News, Pg. 3; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 7 December 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

18 November 1984
The Soviet Ambassador to Pakistan Vitaly Simirnov announces that the Soviet Union will not participate in the Chashma nuclear power plant project. Mr. Simirnov does not specify the exact reasons for the rejection of nuclear assistance but alludes to Pakistan's alleged intervention in Afghanistan, anti-Soviet propaganda, and deteriorating relations between Pakistan and the Soviet Union.
--Shahid-ur-Rehman Khan, "Soviets say they will not Supply Pakistan with Nuclear Reactor," Nucleonics Week, 22 November 1984, Vol. 25, No. 47, Pg. 11; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 22 November 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

29 November 1984
Four US Senators - Senator Sam Nunn (D-GA), Senator John Glenn (D-OH), Senator James Sasses (D-TN), and Senator J. Bennett (D-LO) - urge Pakistan to sign the NPT. Sen. Nunn also states that the United States will not provide any aid for the Chashma nuclear power plant project.
--"US Senators Urge Pakistan-India Cooperation," United Press International, 29 November 1984, International; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 29 November 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

30 November 1980
A report prepared for the Pentagon Nuclear Agency concludes that Pakistan could make at least 24 nuclear weapons by 1990. The report further states that Pakistan possesses 54 planes that can be configured for nuclear delivery. The report is prepared by Rodney W. Jones of Georgetown's University's Center for Strategic and International Studies.
--Carl Hartman, "Report says Israel may have Extensive Nuclear capability," Associated Press, 30 November 1984, Washington Dateline; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 30 November 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

6 December 1984
The Spanish architect-engineering firm Sener SA is expected to extend its contract with PAEC for another 2 years. The head of the firm's Power Department Mr. Francisco Albisu says that the firm is currently doing a "few tasks" in Pakistan, and Spanish engineers visit Chashma occasionally to brief local companies on the project. The firm recently prepared an environmental report for the project. Mr. Albisu states that all Sener engineers left Pakistan in later 1983 since no bids were submitted for the Chashma nuclear project. Sener was originally contracted to prepare specifications for the bidding procedure for the planned Chashma nuclear power plant.

The Spanish government denies reports that a Spanish firm is negotiating the sale of uranium hexa-fluoride (UF6) shipment casks to Pakistan. A spokesperson for the Department of Nuclear Energy at the Industry Ministry says that such a transfer would require an authorization permit from the government and no request has been made by any firm for such a permit.
--Susan Roberts, "Sener Extending Architect-Engineering Contract with Pakistan's AEC," Nucleonics Week, 6 December 1984, Vol. 25, No. 49, Pg. 9; in Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe, 6 December 1984, http://web.lexis-nexis.com.

	Updated July 2006