The Institute was established in 1966 as a subsidiary of the Scientific Research Institute of Experimental Physics (VNIIEF), in Nizhny Novgorod (then known as Gorkiy), and called the Gorkiy Engineering Bureau of Measuring Systems (GKTBP).In 1970, the GKTBP was designated as the lead enterprise for developing radio telemetry systems for special control. [1,2] In 1976, GKTBP was re-designated as the Scientific Institute of Measuring Systems (NIIS).[3]

Today, NIIS continues to design non-nuclear components for Russia's nuclear warheads. The Institute also includes the Center for the Provision of Flight Test Information, opened in 2001. The center, which includes a mobile division that deploys to Ministry of Defense sites, receives and processes information from the radio telemetry systems of special control and the trajectory measurements taken during flight tests. [4,5]

Sources:
[1] "История предприятия [History of the enterprise]," NIIIS website, undated, www.niiis.nnov.ru (accessed 3 October 2012).
[2] The Special Control Service is the nuclear intelligence unit of the 12th Main Directorate of the Soviet (and, subsequently, Russian) Ministry of Defense. See, for instance, Alexander Klopov, Sergei Vlasov, "Nuclear Explosion Under Control," Military Parade, 1998, milparade.udm.ru.
[3] "История предприятия [History of the enterprise]," NIIIS website, undated, www.niiis.nnov.ru (accessed 3 October 2012).
[4] "НИИИС им. Ю.Е. Седакова-40 лет [Y.E. Sedakov NIIIS turns 40]," Atompressa, February 2006, pp. 3-4, www.atomsib.ru.
[5] "История предприятия [History of the enterprise]," NIIIS website, undated, www.niiis.nnov.ru (accessed 3 October 2012).