Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW)

OPCW Fact Sheets

Chemical Weapons Convention Homepage

U.S. Department of State, Biological and Chemical Weapons

U.S. Department of Defense, Defense Threat Reduction Agency

Center for Nonproliferation Studies, Monterey Institute of International Studies, Chemical and Biological Weapons Nonproliferation Program, “Chemical and Biological Weapons: Possession and Programs Past and Present.”

Federation of American Scientists, Chemical Weapons.

Javed Ali, “Chemical Weapons and the Iran-Iraq War,” The Nonproliferation Review 8, Center for Nonproliferation Studies, Monterey Institute of International Studies, Spring 2001.

Michael Barletta, “Chemical Weapons in the Sudan: Allegations and Evidence,” The Nonproliferation Review 6, Center for Nonproliferation Studies, Monterey Institute of International Studies, Fall 1998.

Milton E. Blackwood, Jr., “Arsenic and Old Weapons: Chemical Weapons Disposal in Russia,” The Nonproliferation Review 6, Center for Nonproliferation Studies, Monterey Institute of International Studies, Spring-Summer 1999.Gorbachev, “Abolishing Weapons of Mass Destruction: Addressing Cold War and Other Wartime Legacies in the Twenty-First Century,” OPCW Synthesis, June 2001.

Gert Herigel, “Chemical and Biological Weapons: Use in Warfare, Impact on Society and Environment,” Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.

Deng Hongmei and Peter O’Meara Evans, “Social and Environmental Aspects of Abandoned Chemical Weapons in China,” The Nonproliferation Review 4, Spring-Summer 1997.

Igor Khripunov and George W. Parshall, “U.S. Assistance to Russian Chemical Weapons Destruction: Identifying the Next Steps,” The Nonproliferation Review 6, Fall 1999.

Frederick R. Sidell et al., eds., Textbook of Military Medicine, Part I: Warfare, Weaponry, and the Casualty: Medical Aspects of Chemical and Biological Warfare (Washington, D.C.: Borden Institute, 1997).

Amy Smithson, “Toxic Archipelago: Preventing Proliferation from the Former Soviet Chemical and Biological Weapons Complexes,” The Henry L. Stimson Center, December 1999.

Jonathan B. Tucker, ed., The Chemical Weapons Convention: Implementation and Challenges (Monterey, CA: Center for Nonproliferation Studies, April 2001).

Jonathan B. Tucker, “Russia’s New Plan For Chemical Weapons Destruction,” Arms Control Today, July/August 2001.

Jonathan B. Tucker, “The ‘Yellow Rain Controversy’: Lessons for Arms Control and Compliance,” The Nonproliferation Review 8, Center for Nonproliferation Studies, Monterey Institute of International Studies, Spring 2001.

Theodore Karasik, “Toxic Warfare,” RAND, October 2002.

Joan Link, “Getting Verification Right: Proposals for Enhancing Implementation of the Chemical Weapons Convention,” Verification Research, Training and Information Centre (VERTIC), September 2002.

Jonathan B. Tucker, “The Conduct of Challenge Inspections Under the Chemical Weapons Convention,” Center for Nonproliferation Studies, Monterey Institute of International Studies, September 2002.

Daniel Feakes, “The Emerging European Disarmament and Non-Proliferation Agenda on Chemical and Biological Weapons,” The Acronym Institute, July/August 2002.

Verification Research, Training and Information Centre (VERTIC), “Mending the OPCW: Getting Verification Right,” Trust & Verify, May/June 2002.

The Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons, Synthesis, Spring 2002.

U.S. General Accounting Office, “Combating Terrorism: Need for Comprehensive Threat and Risk Assessments of Chemical and Biological Attacks,” September 1999.

U.S. National Security Council, “Fact Sheet: Iraq’s Program of Weapons of Mass Destruction,” November 14, 1997.

U.S. State Department, “Fact Sheet: 1989 Wyoming Memorandum of Understanding,” September 1998.

Center for Nonproliferation Studies, Monterey Institute of International Studies, Chemical and Biological Weapons Nonproliferation Program, Chronology of State Use and Biological and Chemical Weapons Control, updated October 2001.

Frederic Brown, Chemical Warfare: A Study in Restraints (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1968).

Gordon M. Burck and Charles C. Flowerree, International Handbook on Chemical Weapons Proliferation (New York: Greenwood Press, 1991).

Center for Counterproliferation Research, The Impact of the Proliferation of Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical Weapons on the United States Navy (Washington, D.C.: Center for Counterproliferation Research, National Defense University, 1996).

Eric Croddy, with Clarisa Perez-Armendariz and John Hart, Chemical and Biological Warfare: A Comprehensive Survey for the Concerned Citizen (New York: Copernicus Books, 2001).

Hugh D. Crone, Banning Chemical Weapons: The Scientific Background (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1992).

Trevor Findlay, ed., Chemical Weapons and Missile Proliferation (Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1991).

Randall Forsberg et al., Nonproliferation Primer: Preventing the Spread of Nuclear, Chemical, and Biological Weapons (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1995).

Al Mauroni, America’s Struggle with Chemical-Biological Warfare (Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers, 2000).

Al Mauroni, Chemical-Biological Defense: US Military Policies and Decisions in the Gulf War (Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers, 1998).

J. Paxman and R.A. Harris, A Higher Form of Killing: The Secret Story of Chemical and Biological Warfare (New York: Hill and Wang, 1982).

SIPRI, The Problem of Chemical and Biological Warfare, Volumes 1-6 (New York: Humanities Press, 1973).

Jonathan B. Tucker, ed., Toxic Terror: Assessing Terrorist Use of Chemical and Biological Weapons (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2000).

Jonathan B. Tucker, “From Arms Race to Abolition: The Evolving Norm Against Biological and Chemical Warfare,” in Drell, Sofaer, and Wilson, eds., The New Terror: Facing the Threat of Biological and Chemical Weapons (Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution Press, 1999).

U.S. Central Intelligence Agency, The Biological & Chemical Warfare Threat (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Central Intelligence Agency, 1999).

Victor A. Utgoff, The Challenge of Chemical Weapons: An American Perspective (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1991).

Thomas C. Wiegele, The Clandestine Building of Libya’s Chemical Weapons Factory: A Study in International Collusion (Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University Press, 1992).