Australia
Country Spotlight
Australia is a party to all major nonproliferation treaties and export control regimes. After developing a chemical warfare capability during World War II and collaborating with the UK on nuclear weapons testing, Australia no longer maintains offensive WMD programs. In 2021 Australia announced a deal to purchase American nuclear-powered submarines.
See Australia's preformance in:
Region East Asia and the Pacific
31% World’s uranium exports
1985 Australia Group founded
12 British nuclear weapons tests hosted
Nuclear
- Has never possessed or developed nuclear weapons
- World’s third-largest producer and exporter of uranium
- Party to the Treaty of Rarotonga, which established a nuclear weapons-free zone in the South Pacific
Tutorial on Nuclear 101
Biological
- Has never possessed a biological warfare capacity
- Conducts research on biological materials and biosecurity
- Ratified the Biological and Toxic Weapons Convention (BTWC) in 1977
Tutorial on Biological Weapons Nonproliferation
Australia Overview
Missile
- Will begin to produce its own guided hypersonic missiles
- Is a member of the Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR) and was involved in drafting the Hague Code of Conduct Against Ballistic Missile Proliferation (HCOC)
- Deploys AGM-158 cruise missiles on its F/A-18A/B aircraft
Tutorial on Missiles and Other WMD Delivery Systems
Overview of The CNS Missile and SLV Launch Databases
Chemical
- Destroyed its chemical weapons stockpiles after World War II
- Chairs the Australia Group, which enhances cooperation on controlling the spread of materials related to chemical weapons development
- Ratified the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) in 1994
Tutorial on Chemical Weapons Nonproliferation
NTI Tutorials
Treaties and Regimes Memberships
Laser Science and Technology Centre
- Location Delhi
- Type Nuclear-Research and Development
- Facility Status Active
Centre for Environment and Explosive Safety
- Location Delhi
- Type Missile-Regulatory
- Facility Status Active
Mishra Dhatu Nigam Limited (Midhani)
- Location Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh
- Type Missile-Production
- Facility Status Active
Fuel Company of Rosatom (TVEL)
- Location Moscow
- Type Nuclear-Fuel Fabrication
- Facility Status Operational
State Atomic Energy Cooperation Rosatom
- Location Moscow
- Type Nuclear-Power Reactors
- Facility Status Operational
Zababakhin All-Russian Scientific Research Institute for Technical Physics (VNIITF)
- Location Snezhinsk, Chelyabinsk Oblast
- Type Missile-Production
- Facility Status Operational
Urals Elektromechanical Plant (UEMZ)
- Location Yekaterinburg, Sverdlovsk Oblast
- Type Missile-Production
- Facility Status Operational
Start Production Association (PO Start)
- Location Zarechny, Penza Oblast
- Type Missile-Production
- Facility Status Operational
Sever Production Association (PO Sever)
- Location Novosibirsk, Novosibirsk Oblast
- Type Missile-Production
- Facility Status Operational
Troitskii Institute of Innovative and Thermonuclear Research (TRINITI)
- Location Troitsk, federal city of Moscow
- Type Nuclear-Research and Development
- Facility Status Operational
Scientific Research Institute for Instruments (NIIP) (Lytkarino)
- Location Moscow Lytkarino, Moscow Oblast
- Type Nuclear-Research and Development
- Facility Status Operational
A.A. Bochvar High-Technology Scientific Research Institute for Inorganic Materials (VNIINM)
- Location Moscow
- Type Nuclear-Waste Management
- Facility Status Operational
Plesetsk Cosmodrome
- Location Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russian Federation
- Type Missile-Base
- Facility Status Operational
AtomRedMetZoloto (ARMZ Uranium Holding)
- Location Moscow
- Type Nuclear-Mining and Milling
- Facility Status Operational
Novosibirsk Chemical Concentrates Plant (NCCP)
- Location Novosibirsk, Novosibirsk Oblast
- Type Chemical
- Facility Status Operational
Urals Electrochemical Combine (Uekhk)
- Location Novouralsk, Sverdlovsk Oblast
- Type Nuclear-Enrichment
- Facility Status Operational
Siberian Chemical Combine (SKhK)
- Location Seversk, Tomsk Oblast
- Type Chemical
- Facility Status Operational
Punggye-ri Nuclear Test Facility
- Location Punggye-ri (풍계리), Gilju-gun (길주군), North Hamgyeong Province (함경북도), North Korea
- Type Nuclear-Test Site
- Facility Status Operational
Imam Khomeini Space Center
- Location Semnan, Iran
- Type Missile-Missile Bases
- Facility Status Operational
Arak Nuclear Complex
- Location Arak, Iran
- Type Nuclear-Research Reactors
- Facility Status Ongoing redesign to meet JCPOA and IAEA requirements
Bushehr Nuclear Power Plant (BNPP)
- Location Halileh, 12km south of Bushehr
- Type Nuclear-Power Reactors
- Facility Status 1 reactor operational, 2 new reactors planned
Natanz Enrichment Complex
- Location Natanz, Iran
- Type Nuclear-Enrichment
- Facility Status Operational
Fordow Fuel Enrichment Plant
- Location Qom, Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps (IRGC) Base
- Type Nuclear-Enrichment
- Facility Status Operational as nuclear, physics and technology center under IAEA safeguards
Mining and Chemical Combine (GKhK)
- Location Zheleznogorsk, Krasnoyarsk Krai
- Type Chemical
- Facility Status Operational
Mayak Production Association
- Location Ozersk, Chelyabinsk Oblast
- Type Nuclear-Enrichment
- Facility Status Operational
Machine-Building Plant (Elemash)
- Location Elektrostal, Moscow Oblast
- Type Nuclear-Weaponization
- Facility Status Operational
National Operator for Radioactive Waste Management (NO RAO)
- Location Moscow
- Type Nuclear-Waste Management
- Facility Status Operational
National Research Center Kurchatov Institute
- Location Kurchatov, Kursk Oblast
- Type Nuclear-Research and Development
- Facility Status Operational
Moscow Engineering and Physics Institute (MIFI or MEPhI)
- Location Moscow, Russia
- Type Nuclear-Education and Training
- Facility Status Operational
I.I. Leypunsky Institute of Physics and Power Engineering (IPPE)
- Location Obninsk, Kaluga Oblast
- Type Nuclear-Power Reactor
- Facility Status Operational
Sohae Satellite Launching Station
- Location Dongchang-dong (동창동), Cheolsan-gun (철산군), Pyonganbuk-do (평안북도), North Korea
- Type Missile-Base
- Facility Status Operational
All-Russian Scientific Research Institute for Experimental Physics (VNIIEF) (Nuclear)
- Location Sarov, Nizhniy Novgorod Oblast
- Type Nuclear-Education and Training
- Facility Status Operational
All-Russian Scientific Institute of Measuring Systems (NIIIS)
- Location Sarov, Nizhniy Novgorod Oblast
- Type Nuclear-Research and Development
- Facility Status Operational
All-Russian Scientific Research Institute for Experimental Physics (VNIIEF) (Missile)
- Location Sarov, Nizhniy Novgorod Oblast
- Type Missile-Research and Development
- Facility Status Operational
Pilot Fuel Enrichment Plant (PFEP)
- Location Natanz Enrichment Plant
- Type Nuclear-Enrichment
- Facility Status Operational
Akademik Lomonosov
- Location Pevek, Chukotka
- Type Nuclear-Power Reactor
- Facility Status Construction completed in 2019
Shahroud Missile Test Site
- Location Shahroud, Tehran province
- Type Missile-Testing
- Facility Status Unknown
Parchin Military Complex (Nuclear)
- Location Tehran
- Type Nuclear-Weaponization
- Facility Status Operational
Tehran Research Reactor (TRR)
- Location Tehran Nuclear Research Center
- Type Nuclear-Research Reactors
- Facility Status Operational
Saghand Uranium Mine
- Location Northeast of Yazd province in central Iran desert, Kavir
- Type Nuclear-Mining and Milling
- Facility Status Operational
Tehran Nuclear Research Center (TNRC)
- Location Tehran
- Type Nuclear-Weaponization
- Facility Status Operational
Zirconium Production Plant (ZPP)
- Location Isfahan (Esfahan)
- Type Nuclear-Fuel Fabrication
- Facility Status Unknown
Uranium Conversion Facility (UCF)
- Location Isfahan (Esfahan)
- Type Nuclear-Conversion
- Facility Status Operational; undergoing maintenance since summer 2009
Tonghae Satellite Launching Ground
- Location Musudan-ri (무수단리), Hwadae-kun (화대군), North Hamgyong Province (함경북도), North Korea
- Type Missile-Base
- Facility Status Operational; second launch pad under construction
Instrumentation Factory (PSZ)
- Location Tryokhgorny, Chelyabinsk Oblast
- Type Missile-Production
- Facility Status Operational
Elektrokhimpribor Combine
- Location Lesnoy, Sverdlovsk Oblast
- Type Nuclear-Enrichment
- Facility Status Operational
All-Russia Research Institute of Automatics (VNIIA)
- Location Moscow
- Type Nuclear-Research and Development
- Facility Status Operational
Central Test Site of Russia on Novaya Zemlya
- Location Novaya Zemlya District, Arkhangelsk Oblast
- Type Missile-Testing
- Facility Status Operational
B.P. Konstantinov St. Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute (IPPN or PNPI)
- Location Gatchina, Leningrad Oblast
- Type Nuclear-Research and Development
- Facility Status Operational
A.P. Aleksandrov Scientific Research Technological Institute (NITI)
- Location Sosnovyy Bor, Leningrad Oblast
- Type Nuclear-Power Reactors
- Facility Status Operational
A.I. Alikhanov Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics (ITEP)
- Location Moscow
- Type Nuclear-Heavy Water Production
- Facility Status Operational
Federal Service for Environmental, Technological, and Nuclear Oversight (Rostekhnadzor)
- Location Moscow
- Type Nuclear-Regulatory
- Facility Status Operational
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR)
- Location Dubna, Moscow Oblast
- Type Nuclear-Research and Development
- Facility Status Operational
Afrikantov Experimental Design Bureau for Mechanical Engineering (OKBM)
- Location Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast
- Type Nuclear-Power Reactors
- Facility Status Operational
Chepetsky Mechanical Plant (ChMZ)
- Location Glazov, Udmurt Republic
- Type Nuclear-Mining and Milling
- Facility Status Operational
Electrochemical Plant (EKhZ) Production Association
- Location Zelenogorsk, Krasnoyarsk Krai
- Type Nuclear-Enrichment
- Facility Status Operational
Yongbyon High-Explosive Test Site
- Location Near the banks of the Kuryong River (구룡강), Bungang-jigu (분강지구), Yongbyon-gun (영변군), North Pyeongan Province (평안북도), North Korea
- Type Nuclear-Weaponization
- Facility Status Probably unused since the 1990s
Yongdeok-dong High-Explosive Test Site
- Location Yongdeok-dong (용덕동), Guseong (구성), North Pyeongan Province (평안북도), North Korea*
- Type Nuclear-Weaponization
- Facility Status Operational
Kim Il Sung University
- Location Ryongnam-dong (룡남동), Daesong-kuyok (대성구역), Pyongyang (평양시), North Korea
- Type Nuclear-Research and Development
- Facility Status Operational
MGC-20 Cyclotron
- Location Sosan-dong (서산동), Sosong-guyok (서성구역), Pyongyang (평양시), Pyongyang, North Korea*
- Type Nuclear-Research and Development
- Facility Status Unknown
Taecheon 200MWe Nuclear Reactor
- Location Taecheon-gun (태천군), Pyeonganbuk-do (평안북도), North Korea
- Type Nuclear-Power Reactor
- Facility Status unfinished, abandoned
Yongbyon Nuclear Research Center
- Location Pungang-jigu (분강지구), Yongbyon-gun (영변군), Pyonganbuk-do (평안북도), North Korea*
- Type Nuclear-Reprocessing
- Facility Status Operational
Atomic Energy Research Institute
- Location Bungang-jigu (분강지구), Yongbyon-gun (영변군), Pyonganbuk-do (평안북도), North Korea
- Type Nuclear-Research and Development
- Facility Status Operational
Geumho-Jigu Light Water Reactor Site
- Location Geumho-Jigu (금호지구), Sinpo (신포시), Hamgyeongnam-do (함경남도), North Korea
- Type Nuclear-Power Reactor
- Facility Status Unfinished, construction stopped
Geumchang-ri Underground Facility
- Location Geumchang-ri (금창리), Taegwan-gun (대관군), North Pyeongan Province (평안북도), North Korea
- Type Nuclear-Storage
- Facility Status Unknown
Hagap Underground Suspected Nuclear Facility
- Location Area around Gaphyundong (갑현동), Huicheon (희천시), Jagang Province (자강도), North Korea. Note: Hagap (하갑), Nammyeon (남면), Huicheon-gun (희천군), North Pyeongan Province is an old administrative name for Gaphyeondong. In 1949, Huicheon-gun became part of Jagang Province, which was formed from part of North Pyeongan Province. Huicheon is now a city.
- Type Nuclear-Enrichment
- Facility Status Unknown
Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology (GIKI)
- Location Topi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
- Type Missile-Education and Training
- Facility Status Operational
Mashhood Test Firing Range (MTFR)
- Location Tilla Jogian (25km west of Jhelum)
- Type Missile-Testing
- Facility Status Active
Sonmiani Flight Test Range (FTR)
- Location 50km W Karachi [1]
- Type Missile-Testing
- Facility Status Active
Defense Science and Technology Organization (DESTO)
- Location Chaklala Cantt, Rawalpindi
- Type Missile-Production
- Facility Status Operational
Pakistan Ordnance Factories (POF)
- Location Wah Cantt
- Type Missile-Production
- Facility Status Active
Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (SUPARCO)
- Location Headquartered in Karachi; additional facilities in Islamabad, Lahore, Multan, and Peshawar [1]
- Type Missile-Production
- Facility Status Active
Khan Research Laboratories (KRL)
- Location Rawalpindi
- Type Missile-Production
- Facility Status Active
Air Weapons Complex (AWC)
- Location Kamra, Wah Cantonment
- Type Missile-Production
- Facility Status Active
National Defense Complex (NDC)
- Location Fatehjang, Tarwanah suburb, Rawalpindi (50km, SW Islamabad)
- Type Missile-Production
- Facility Status Active
National Engineering and Scientific Commission (NESCOM)
- Location Islamabad
- Type Missile-Regulatory
- Facility Status Active
Strategic Plans Division (SPD)
- Location Islamabad, Pakistan
- Type Missile-Regulatory
- Facility Status Active
National Command Authority (NCA)
- Location Islamabad
- Type Missile-Regulatory
- Facility Status Active [3]
National Security Council of Pakistan (NSC)
- Location Islamabad, Pakistan
- Type Missile-Regulatory
- Facility Status Active
Karachi Institute of Power Engineering (KINPOE)
- Location Approximately 25km west of Karachi
- Type Nuclear-Education and Training
- Facility Status Operational
Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC)
- Location Islamabad, Pakistan
- Type Nuclear-Regulatory
- Facility Status Operational
Kundian Nuclear Complex-1 (KNC-1)
- Location Kundian, NW region of Punjab Province; Approximately 200km SW of Islamabad
- Type Nuclear-Fuel Fabrication
- Facility Status Operational
Institute for Studies in Theoretical Physics and Mathematics (IPM)
- Location Tehran
- Type Nuclear-Education and Training
- Facility Status Open
Imam Hussein University (IHU)
- Location Tehran
- Type Nuclear-Education and Training
- Facility Status Open
Amir Kabir University of Technology
- Location Tehran
- Type Nuclear-Education and Training
- Facility Status Open
Yazd Radiation Processing Center (YRPC)
- Location Yazd
- Type Nuclear-Research and Development
- Facility Status Operational
Light Water Sub-Critical Reactor (ENTC-LWSCR)
- Location Esfahan (Isfahan) Nuclear Technology Center (INTC)
- Type Nuclear-Research and Development
- Facility Status Operational
Isfahan (Esfahan) Nuclear Technology Center (INTC)
- Location University of Isfahan
- Type Nuclear-Research and Development
- Facility Status Operational
Isfahan (Esfahan) Nuclear Fuel Research and Production Center (NFRPC)
- Location Reshandasht, south east of Isfahan (Esfahan)
- Type Nuclear-Research and Development
- Facility Status Operational
Heavy Water Zero Power Reactor (ENTC-HWZPR)
- Location Esfahan (Isfahan) Nuclear Technology Center (ENTC)
- Type Nuclear-Research and Development
- Facility Status Operational
Graphite Sub-Critical Reactor (ENTC GSCR)
- Location Esfahan (Isfahan) Nuclear Technology Center (ENTC)
- Type Nuclear-Research and Development
- Facility Status Operational
Bonab Atomic Energy Research Center
- Location Bonab
- Type Nuclear-Research and Development
- Facility Status Operational
Anarak Waste Storage Facility
- Location Anarak
- Type Nuclear-Waste Management
- Facility Status Operational
Miniature Neutron Source Reactor (MNSR)
- Location Isfahan Nuclear Technology Center
- Type Nuclear-Research Reactors
- Facility Status Operational
Heavy Water Production Plant (HWPP)
- Location Khondab, near Arak
- Type Nuclear-Heavy Water Production
- Facility Status Probably Operating
Fuel Enrichment Plant (FEP)
- Location Natanz Enrichment Plant
- Type Nuclear-Enrichment
- Facility Status Partially operational
Defense Industries Organization (DIO) (Nuclear)
- Location Tehran
- Type Nuclear-Enrichment
- Facility Status Operational
Fuel Fabrication Laboratory (FFL)
- Location Isfahan (Esfahan)
- Type Nuclear-Fuel Fabrication
- Facility Status Operational
Bandar Abbas Uranium Production Plant (BUP)
- Location Bandar Abbas
- Type Nuclear-Mining and Milling
- Facility Status Operational
Ardakan Yellowcake Production Plant
- Location Ardakan
- Type Nuclear-Mining and Milling
- Facility Status Operational
Atomic Energy Organization of Iran (AEOI)
- Location Tehran
- Type Nuclear-Regulatory
- Facility Status Operational
Bandar Abbas
- Location Bandar Abbas, Hormozgan
- Type Missile-Missile Bases
- Facility Status Operational
Imam Ali Missile Base
- Location Khorramabad, Lorestan
- Type Missile-Missile Bases
- Facility Status Operational
Shahid Bakeri Industrial Group
- Location Tehran
- Type Missile-Production
- Facility Status Operational
Shahid Hemmat Industrial Group
- Location Tehran
- Type Missile-Production
- Facility Status Operational
Parchin Military Complex (Missile)
- Location Parchin
- Type Missile-Production
- Facility Status Operational
Aerospace Industries Organization (AIO)
- Location Tehran
- Type Missile-Regulatory
- Facility Status Operational
Defense Industries Organization (DIO) (Missile)
- Location Tehran
- Type Missile-Regulatory
- Facility Status Operational
Ministry of Defense and Armed Forces Logistics (MODAFL)
- Location Tehran
- Type Missile-Regulatory
- Facility Status Operational
Amir Kabir University of Technology
- Location Tehran
- Type Nuclear-Education and Training
- Facility Status Open
Armament Research and Development Establishment (ARDE)
- Location Pune, Pashan (Maharashtra)
- Type Missile-Production
- Facility Status Active
P’yŏngsan Uranium Milling Facility
- Location P'yŏnghwa-ri (평화리), P'yŏngsan-kun (평산군), North Hwanghae Province (황해북도), North Korea
- Type Nuclear-Milling
- Facility Status Unknown
Pakch’ŏn Uranium Mine
- Location P'akch'ŏn-kun (박천군), North P'yŏng'an Province (평안북도), North Korea
- Type Nuclear-Exploration and Mining
- Facility Status Unknown
Terminal Ballistics Research Laboratory
- Location Chandigarh, Punjab
- Type Missile-Research and Development
- Facility Status Active
Semiconductor Complex Limited (SCL)
- Location Chandigarh, Punjab
- Type Missile-Production
- Facility Status Active
Defence Electronics Applications Lab
- Location Dehradun, Uttarakhand
- Type Missile-Research and Development
- Facility Status Active
Solid State Physics Laboratory
- Location Delhi
- Type Nuclear-Research and Development
- Facility Status Active
Defence Terrain Research Laboratory
- Location New Delhi
- Type Nuclear-Exploration and Mining
- Facility Status Active
Vehicles Research & Development Organization
- Location Ahmednagar, Maharashtra
- Type Nuclear-Weaponization
- Facility Status Active
Research & Development Establishment, Engineering
- Location Pune, Maharashtra
- Type Missile-Research and Development
- Facility Status Active
Institute of Armament Technology
- Location Pune, Maharashtra
- Type Missile-Research and Development
- Facility Status Active
High Energy Materials Research Laboratory
- Location Pune, Pashan (Maharashtra)
- Type Nuclear-Research and Development
- Facility Status Active
Hindustan Aeronautics Limited
- Location Bangalore, Karnataka
- Type Nuclear-Research and Development
- Facility Status Active
Bharat Electronics Limited
- Location Bangalore, Karnataka
- Type Missile-Regulatory
- Facility Status Active
Bharat Earth Movers Limited
- Location Bangalore, Karnataka
- Type Nuclear-Mining and Milling
- Facility Status Active
Research Center Imarat
- Location Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh
- Type Missile-Research and Development
- Facility Status Active
Defence Research and Development Laboratory
- Location Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh
- Type Missile-Research and Development
- Facility Status Active
Defence Metallurgical Research Laboratory
- Location Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh
- Type Missile-Production
- Facility Status Active
Vikram Sarabhai Space Center
- Location Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
- Type Nuclear-Research and Development
- Facility Status Active
Bharat Dynamics Limited
- Location Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh
- Type Missile-Production
- Facility Status Active
Defence Electronics Research Laboratory
- Location Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh
- Type Missile-Research and Development
- Facility Status Active
Sriharikota High Altitude Range
- Location Sriharikota Island, Andhra Pradesh
- Type Missile-Base
- Facility Status Active
Combat Vehicles R&D Establishment
- Location Avadi, Tamil Nadu
- Type Missile-Production
- Facility Status Active
Chiha-ri Missile Base
- Location Chiha-ri (지하리), P'an'gyo-kun (판교군), Kangwŏn Province (강원도), North Korea
- Type Missile-Base
- Facility Status Active
No. Seven Factory
- Location Yongsŏng-kuyŏk (용성구역), Pyongyang (평양시), North Korea, about "a 20-30 minute bus ride from the Man'gyŏngdae Electric Machinery Factory"
- Type Missile-Research and Development
Sŭngni Automobile Factory
- Location Tŏkch'ŏn (덕천군), South P'yŏng'an Province (평안남도)
- Type Missile-Production
Pukchung Machine Complex
- Location Pukchung-nodongjagu (북중노동자구), Yongch'ŏn-kun (용천군), North Pyŏng'an Province (평안북도)
- Type Missile-Production
Pyongyang Semiconductor Factory
- Location Taedonggang-dong (대동강동), Taedonggang-kuyŏk (대동강구역), Pyongyang
- Type Missile-Production
Kusŏng Machine Tool Factory
- Location Kusŏng (구성시), North P'yŏng'an Province (평안북도), North Korea
- Type Missile-Production
January 18th Machine Factory
- Location Kag'am-dong (각암동), Kaech'ŏn (개천시), South P'yŏng'an Province (평안남도), North Korea
- Type Missile-Production
- Facility Status Unknown
No. 26 Factory
- Location Konggwi-dong (공귀동), Kanggye (강계시), Chagang Province (자강도), North Korea
- Type Missile-Production
- Facility Status Unknown
Hamheung University of Chemical Industry
- Location Segori-dong (세거리동), Hamhung (함흥시), Hamgyongnam-do (함경남도), North Korea
- Type Chemical-Research and Development
- Facility Status Unknown
No. 125 Factory
- Location Northwestern part of Pyongyang. There are conflicting reports on the location of this facility. Some reports place the factory in Chung'i-dong (중이동), Yongsŏng-kuyŏk (용성구역), Pyongyang, and others place it in Hyŏngjesan-kuyŏk (형제산구역), Pyongyang. Yongsŏng-kuyŏk and Hyŏngjesan-kuyŏk are adjacent to each other, and Chung'i-dong is right next to Hyŏngjesan-kuyŏk, which could be the cause for confusion. The South Korean Ministry of Unification reports that the factory is in "Chunggye-dong" (중계동), Hyŏngjesan-kuyŏk, Pyongyang, but apparently there is no "Chunggye-dong" in Hyŏngjesan-kuyŏk. There is a "Ch'ŏnggye-dong," which is nearby, but in Yongsŏng-kuyŏk.
- Type Missile-Production
- Facility Status Unknown
Yongnim-ŭp Missile Base
- Location Yongnim-ŭp (용림읍), Yongnim-kun (용림군), Chagang Province (자강도), North Korea
- Type Missile-Base
- Facility Status Unknown
Yŏngjŏ-ri Missile Base
- Location Between Kungmangbong (국망봉) and Mujungbong (무중봉), Yŏngjŏ-ri (영저리), Kimhyŏngjik-kun (김형직군), Yanggang Province (양강도), North Korea, about 20km from the Chinese border [Note: "Yŏngjŏ-ri" is often misidentified as "Yŏngjŏ-dong (영저동)" but the actual administrative unit is a "ri (리)."]
- Type Missile-Base
Shin’o-ri Missile Base
- Location Shin'o-ri (신오리), Unjŏn-kun (운전군), North P'yŏng'an Province (평안북도), North KoreaPrimary Function: Deployment and launch of Nodong missiles
- Type Missile-Base
- Facility Status Unknown
Sangnam-ri Missile Base
- Location Sangnam-ri (상남리), Hŏch'ŏn-kun (호천군), South Hamgyŏng Province (함경남도), North KoreaPrimary Function: Deployment and launch of missiles, possibly Nodong and/or TaepodongSubordinate to: Missile Division (미사일 사단), Ministry of the People's Armed Forces (인민무력성), National Defense Commission (국방위원회)
- Type Missile-Base
- Facility Status Unknown
Sakkabbong Missile Base
- Location Sakkabbong (삿갓봉), Koksan-kun (곡산군), North Hwanghae Province (황해북도), North Korea
- Type Missile-Base
- Facility Status Unknown
Okp’yŏng-dong Missile Base
- Location Okp'yŏng-dong (옥평동), Munch'ŏn (문천시), Kangwŏn Province (강원도), North Korea
- Type Missile-Base
- Facility Status Unknown
Kumcheon Scud Missile Base
- Location Kŭmch'ŏn-ri (금천리), Anbyŏn-kun (안변군), Kangwŏn Province (강원도), North Korea
- Type Missile-Base
- NTI
- CNS
IndiaArmament Research and Development Establishment (ARDE)
- Missile
Bharat Dynamics Limited
- Missile
Bharat Earth Movers Limited
- Nuclear
Bharat Electronics Limited
- Missile
Centre for Environment and Explosive Safety
- Missile
Combat Vehicles R&D Establishment
- Missile
Defence Electronics Applications Lab
- Missile
Defence Electronics Research Laboratory
- Missile
Defence Metallurgical Research Laboratory
- Missile
Defence Research and Development Laboratory
- Missile
Defence Terrain Research Laboratory
- Nuclear
Electronics and Radar Development Establishment
- Nuclear
Electronics Corporation of India Limited
- Missile
Godrej and Boyce Manufacturing Co. Ltd.
- Missile
High Energy Materials Research Laboratory
- Nuclear
Hindustan Aeronautics Limited
- Nuclear
IBP Company Limited
- Missile
Institute of Armament Technology
- Missile
Instrumentation Limited
- Nuclear
Larsen and Toubro
- Nuclear
Laser Science and Technology Centre
- Nuclear
Metallurgical and Engineering Consultants (India) Ltd.
- Missile
Microwave Tube Research and Development Centre
- Nuclear
Mishra Dhatu Nigam Limited (Midhani)
- Missile
Pantex Gee Bee Fluid Power Ltd.
- Missile
Research & Development Establishment, Engineering
- Missile
Research Center Imarat
- Missile
S.K. Machine Tools Private Ltd.
- Missile
Semiconductor Complex Limited (SCL)
- Missile
Solid State Physics Laboratory
- Nuclear
Sriharikota High Altitude Range
- Missile
Srijan Control Drives
- Missile
Terminal Ballistics Research Laboratory
- Missile
The KCP Limited
- Missile
Vehicles Research & Development Organization
- Nuclear
Vikram Sarabhai Space Center
- Nuclear
IranAerospace Industries Organization (AIO)
- Missile
Amir Kabir University of Technology
- Nuclear
Amir Kabir University of Technology
- Nuclear
Anarak Waste Storage Facility
- Nuclear
Arak Nuclear Complex
- Nuclear
Ardakan Yellowcake Production Plant
- Nuclear
Atomic Energy Organization of Iran (AEOI)
- Nuclear
Bakhtaran Missile Base
- Missile
Bandar Abbas
- Missile
Bandar Abbas Uranium Production Plant (BUP)
- Nuclear
Bank Sepah
- Missile
Bonab Atomic Energy Research Center
- Nuclear
Bushehr Nuclear Power Plant (BNPP)
- Nuclear
Defense Industries Organization (DIO) (Missile)
- Missile
Defense Industries Organization (DIO) (Nuclear)
- Nuclear
Fajr Industrial Group
- Missile
Fordow Fuel Enrichment Plant
- Nuclear
Fuel Enrichment Plant (FEP)
- Nuclear
Fuel Fabrication Laboratory (FFL)
- Nuclear
Graphite Sub-Critical Reactor (ENTC GSCR)
- Nuclear
Heavy Water Production Plant (HWPP)
- Nuclear
Heavy Water Zero Power Reactor (ENTC-HWZPR)
- Nuclear
Imam Ali Missile Base
- Missile
Imam Hussein University (IHU)
- Nuclear
Imam Khomeini Space Center
- Missile
Institute for Studies in Theoretical Physics and Mathematics (IPM)
- Nuclear
Isfahan (Esfahan) Nuclear Fuel Research and Production Center (NFRPC)
- Nuclear
Isfahan (Esfahan) Nuclear Technology Center (INTC)
- Nuclear
Isfahan Missile Complex
- Missile
Lashkar Ab’ad
- Nuclear
Light Water Sub-Critical Reactor (ENTC-LWSCR)
- Nuclear
Miniature Neutron Source Reactor (MNSR)
- Nuclear
Ministry of Defense and Armed Forces Logistics (MODAFL)
- Missile
Natanz Enrichment Complex
- Nuclear
Parchin Military Complex (Missile)
- Missile
Parchin Military Complex (Nuclear)
- Nuclear
Pilot Fuel Enrichment Plant (PFEP)
- Nuclear
Qom Waste Disposal Site
- Nuclear
Saghand Uranium Mine
- Nuclear
Semnan Missile Complex
- Missile
Shahid Bakeri Industrial Group
- Missile
Shahid Hemmat Industrial Group
- Missile
Shahroud Missile Test Site
- Missile
Shiraz Missile Plant
- Missile
Tabriz Missile Base
- Missile
Tehran Nuclear Research Center (TNRC)
- Nuclear
Tehran Research Reactor (TRR)
- Nuclear
Uranium Conversion Facility (UCF)
- Nuclear
Yazd Radiation Processing Center (YRPC)
- Nuclear
Zirconium Production Plant (ZPP)
- Nuclear
North KoreaAtomic Energy Research Institute
- Nuclear
Chiha-ri Missile Base
- Missile
Geumchang-ri Underground Facility
- Nuclear
Geumho-Jigu Light Water Reactor Site
- Nuclear
Hagap Underground Suspected Nuclear Facility
- Nuclear
Hamheung University of Chemical Industry
- Chemical
January 18th Machine Factory
- Missile
Kim Il Sung University
- Nuclear
Kum Song Tractor Factory
- Missile
Kumcheon Scud Missile Base
- Missile
Kusŏng Machine Tool Factory
- Missile
MGC-20 Cyclotron
- Nuclear
No. 125 Factory
- Missile
No. 26 Factory
- Missile
No. Seven Factory
- Missile
Okp’yŏng-dong Missile Base
- Missile
P’yŏngsan Uranium Milling Facility
- Nuclear
Pakch’ŏn Uranium Mine
- Nuclear
Pukchung Machine Complex
- Missile
Punggye-ri Nuclear Test Facility
- Nuclear
Pyongyang Semiconductor Factory
- Missile
Sakkabbong Missile Base
- Missile
Sangnam-ri Missile Base
- Missile
Shin’o-ri Missile Base
- Missile
Sohae Satellite Launching Station
- Missile
Sŭngni Automobile Factory
- Missile
Taecheon 200MWe Nuclear Reactor
- Nuclear
Tonghae Satellite Launching Ground
- Missile
Yongbyon High-Explosive Test Site
- Nuclear
Yongbyon Nuclear Research Center
- Nuclear
Yongdeok-dong High-Explosive Test Site
- Nuclear
Yŏngjŏ-ri Missile Base
- Missile
Yongnim-ŭp Missile Base
- Missile
PakistanAir Weapons Complex (AWC)
- Missile
Defense Science and Technology Organization (DESTO)
- Missile
Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology (GIKI)
- Missile
Karachi Institute of Power Engineering (KINPOE)
- Nuclear
Khan Research Laboratories (KRL)
- Missile
Kundian Nuclear Complex-1 (KNC-1)
- Nuclear
Mashhood Test Firing Range (MTFR)
- Missile
National Command Authority (NCA)
- Missile
National Defense Complex (NDC)
- Missile
National Engineering and Scientific Commission (NESCOM)
- Missile
National Security Council of Pakistan (NSC)
- Missile
Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC)
- Nuclear
Pakistan Ordnance Factories (POF)
- Missile
Sonmiani Flight Test Range (FTR)
- Missile
Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (SUPARCO)
- Missile
Strategic Plans Division (SPD)
- Missile
RussiaA.A. Bochvar High-Technology Scientific Research Institute for Inorganic Materials (VNIINM)
- Nuclear
A.I. Alikhanov Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics (ITEP)
- Nuclear
A.P. Aleksandrov Scientific Research Technological Institute (NITI)
- Nuclear
Afrikantov Experimental Design Bureau for Mechanical Engineering (OKBM)
- Nuclear
Akademik Lomonosov
- Nuclear
All-Russia Research Institute of Automatics (VNIIA)
- Nuclear
All-Russian Scientific Institute of Measuring Systems (NIIIS)
- Nuclear
All-Russian Scientific Research Institute for Experimental Physics (VNIIEF) (Missile)
- Missile
All-Russian Scientific Research Institute for Experimental Physics (VNIIEF) (Nuclear)
- Nuclear
AtomRedMetZoloto (ARMZ Uranium Holding)
- Nuclear
B.P. Konstantinov St. Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute (IPPN or PNPI)
- Nuclear
Bazalt
- Missile
Central Test Site of Russia on Novaya Zemlya
- Missile
Chepetsky Mechanical Plant (ChMZ)
- Nuclear
Electrochemical Plant (EKhZ) Production Association
- Nuclear
Elektrokhimpribor Combine
- Nuclear
Federal Service for Environmental, Technological, and Nuclear Oversight (Rostekhnadzor)
- Nuclear
Fuel Company of Rosatom (TVEL)
- Nuclear
I.I. Leypunsky Institute of Physics and Power Engineering (IPPE)
- Nuclear
Instrumentation Factory (PSZ)
- Missile
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR)
- Nuclear
Machine-Building Plant (Elemash)
- Nuclear
Mayak Production Association
- Nuclear
Mining and Chemical Combine (GKhK)
- Chemical
Moscow Engineering and Physics Institute (MIFI or MEPhI)
- Nuclear
N.A. Dollezhal Scientific Research and Design Institute of Energy Technologies (NIKIET)
National Operator for Radioactive Waste Management (NO RAO)
- Nuclear
National Research Center Kurchatov Institute
- Nuclear
Novosibirsk Chemical Concentrates Plant (NCCP)
- Chemical
Plesetsk Cosmodrome
- Missile
Red Star
- Missile
Rosenergoatom
- Nuclear
RosRAO
- Nuclear
Scientific Research Institute for Instruments (NIIP) (Lytkarino)
- Nuclear
Sever Production Association (PO Sever)
- Missile
Siberian Chemical Combine (SKhK)
- Chemical
Start Production Association (PO Start)
- Missile
State Atomic Energy Cooperation Rosatom
- Nuclear
Troitskii Institute of Innovative and Thermonuclear Research (TRINITI)
- Nuclear
Urals Electrochemical Combine (Uekhk)
- Nuclear
Urals Elektromechanical Plant (UEMZ)
- Missile
Zababakhin All-Russian Scientific Research Institute for Technical Physics (VNIITF)
- Missile
Strengthening Global Systems to Prevent and Respond to High-Consequence Biological Threats
A new NTI | bio report released today on the sidelines of the Biological Weapons Convention Meeting of States Parties, “Strengthening Global Systems to Prevent and Respond to High-Consequence Biological Threats,” outlines actionable recommendations for the international community to bolster prevention and response capabilities for high-consequence biological events.
NTI’s Lynn Rusten Discusses China’s Nuclear Expansion on Arms Control Association Panel
Biden should do more to prevent the accidental launch of nuclear weapons. Here’s how.
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