Former Yugoslavia
Former Yugoslavia
Historically, the Former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY) produced chemical weapons and pursued both nuclear weapons and ballistic missiles. However, none of the Former Yugoslavia’s successor states (Bosnia-Herzegovina, Croatia, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia, or Slovenia) have weapons of mass destruction or programs for their development.
Region Former Soviet Union
1940-1987 Intermittently pursued a nuclear weapons program
Ended its nuclear program in the 1960’s, but restarted after India’s nuclear test in 1974
April 28, 1992 Republic officially broke up
Nuclear
- Collaborated with Norway on nuclear research until the early 1960’s
- Transferred all remaining HEU to Russia by the end of 2010
- All successor states have independently signed and ratified the NPT
Biological
- No evidence of any attempts to establish an offensive biological weapons program
- All successor states have independently acceded to the BTWC
NTI Tutorials
Missile
- Allegedly collaborated with Libya and Iraq on various types of missile development
- Serbia is the only successor state to possess its own missile program
- No successor states are members of the Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR)
Tutorial on Missiles and Other WMD Delivery Systems
Overview of The CNS Missile and SLV Launch Databases
Chemical
- Produced a wide variety of chemical weapons and delivery systems prior to its breakup in 1991
- All remaining production equipment and materials destroyed under the supervision of the OPCW in 2003
- All successor states have independently acceded to the CWC
Tutorial on Chemical Weapons Nonproliferation
NTI Tutorials
Treaties and Regimes Memberships
Analysis
Former Yugoslavia
NTI Nuclear Materials Security Index: Building a Framework for Assurance, Accountability and Action
Education Center