Canada
Country Spotlight
Canada does not have nuclear, chemical, or biological weapons or relevant delivery systems, and is a member in good standing of all relevant nonproliferation treaties and regimes. A significant producer and exporter of dual-use goods, particularly relating to civil nuclear applications, Canada also plays an active role in nonproliferation export control regimes.
See Canada's performance in
Region North America
1984 Stopped hosting U.S. nuclear weapons on its territory
~9% Of the world’s uranium resources
6 Countries import Canadian-built CANDU reactors
$15.9 million U.S. dollars donated to chemical weapons disposal efforts in Syria
Nuclear
- Participated in NATO’s nuclear mission between 1963 and 1984
- Promoter of peaceful nuclear energy since establishment of Atomic Energy of Canada Limited (AECL) in 1952
- Produced much of the world’s supply of molybdenum-99 for medical diagnosis and cancer treatment until 2018
Tutorial on Nuclear and Radiological Security
Biological
- Conducted research on offensive and defensive biological warfare during World War II
- Tested American chemical and biological weapons during the 1960’s
- Maintains the Canadian Safety and Security Program to research and develop defenses against biological weapons
Tutorial on Biological Weapons Nonproliferation
Canada Overview
Missile
- Does not maintain an indigenous missile development program
- Possesses a limited arsenal for delivering conventional weapons, imported from the U.S.
- In 2015, purchased missile defense technology similar to Israel’s Iron Dome
Overview of The CNS Missile and SLV Launch Databases
Tutorial on Missiles and Other WMD Delivery Systems
Chemical
- Participated in Allied chemical weapons research during World War II
- Provided land for the United Kingdom to test its chemical weapons in the 1940’s
- Is a member of the Australia Group and maintains strict export controls on dual-use chemicals
Canada and NTI Conclude Agreement to Help Destroy Chemical Weapons in Russia
Tutorial on Chemical Weapons Nonproliferation
Treaties and Regimes Memberships
- NTI
- CNS
NTI Seminar: Dr. Tong Zhao on Reducing U.S.-China Nuclear Risk and the Prospects for Arms Control
NTI hosted Dr. Tong Zhao for a virtual seminar to discuss the future of U.S.-China nuclear relations and opportunities for reducing nuclear risks between both countries.
Statement of Ernest J. Moniz Before the House Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on Europe, Energy, the Environment and Cyber
The Biden Administration Announces its Approach to U.S. Nuclear Weapons Policy
Education Center