Turkey

Country Spotlight

Neighbor to multiple current and former proliferators of WMDs, Turkey has relied on its NATO membership to guarantee its security. Although Turkey is a non-nuclear weapon state member of the NPT in good standing, Turkey’s president has made occasional public mentions of the country’s right to develop and acquire nuclear weapons.

Region Middle East and North Africa

~50 U.S. B61 nuclear bombs stored at Incirlik Air Base

6 Countries importing Turkish-made unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)

280 km Range of Bora-1 short-range ballistic missile

5th Article of North Atlantic Treaty agrees to collective defense of Turkey against WMDs

Nuclear

Hosts U.S. nuclear weapons as part of NATO nuclear sharing mission
Calls to remove U.S. nuclear weapons from Incirlik Air Base have increased in recent years
Construction of a Russian-financed nuclear power plant at Akkuyu began in 2018

Turkey Nuclear Overview

Nuclear Disarmament Turkey

Fact Sheet

Nuclear Disarmament Turkey

Turkey Nuclear Facilities

Fact Sheet

Turkey Nuclear Facilities

Biological

Member of the Australia Group for chemical and biological strategic trade
No known biological weapons pursuits

Tutorial on Biological Weapons Nonproliferation

Teaching Tool

Tutorial on Biological Weapons Nonproliferation

NTI Tutorials

Interactive & Visualization

NTI Tutorials

Missile

Turkish-made Bayraktar UAVs have been used effectively by the Ukrainian military in the 2022 Russian invasion
2017 deal to purchase a S-400 missile defense system from Russia
Removed from the U.S.’s F-35 pilot training program as a result of 2017 missile defense deal with Russia

Overview of The CNS Missile and SLV Launch Databases

Database

Overview of The CNS Missile and SLV Launch Databases

Overview: Applying New Tools to Nonproliferation: A Nuclear Detective Story

Report

Overview: Applying New Tools to Nonproliferation: A Nuclear Detective Story

Chemical

No known chemical weapons pursuits
Denies accusations of white phosphorus use during the Syrian Civil War

Tutorial on Chemical Weapons Nonproliferation

Teaching Tool

Tutorial on Chemical Weapons Nonproliferation

NTI Tutorials

Interactive & Visualization

NTI Tutorials

Treaties and Regimes Memberships

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NPT

The NPT is a treaty aimed at limiting the spread of nuclear weapons through the three pillars of non-proliferation, disarmament, and peaceful use of nuclear energy.

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North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

NATO was founded in 1949 and has 28 Alliance Members. Its member countries are committed to sharing the risks and responsibilities as well as the benefits of collective security.

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Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC)

The Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) requires countries to destroy all chemical weapons and prohibits developing, stockpiling, or using chemical weapons.

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Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (CTBT)

The Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty bans all nuclear explosion tests on Earth. It needs eight key countries to ratify before entry into force.

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