Laid down in 1958, launched in 1962, and commissioned
in 1963.
In 1968, 9 deaths occurred in a reactor accident.
In 1981, sunk to 50 meters in the Kara Sea.
First
658, 658M
Hotel
SSBN
2 PWR/VM-A
8
1958-1964.
First strategic submarine.
First
659, 659T
Echo I
SSGN
2 PWR/VM-A
5
Prototype
661
Papa
Anchar
SSGN
2 PWR/VM-5 m
1
World's first titanium hull submarine.
First
675, 675M, 675MKV
Echo II
SSGN
2 PWR/VM-A
29
1961-1967.
Second
667A
Yankee
Navaga, Nalim
SSBN
2 PWR/OK-700/VM-4
34
1964-1974.
Outfitted with 16 ballistic missiles with a range
of 3,000 km.
Similar to American submarine class George Washington.
No longer operative and are currently being dismantled.
Second
667AR
Yankee Notch
Grosha
SSGN
2 PWR/type unknown
Converted from SSBN as a result of SALT limitations.
Second
667B
Delta I
Murena
SSBN
2 PWR/OK-700/VM-4
18
1971-1977.
Outfitted with 12 ballistic missiles with a range
capability of 9,000 km.
A modified version of the Yankee class.
Second
667BD
Delta II
Murena-M
SSBN
2 PWR/OK-700/VM-4
4
1973-1975.
Outfitted with 16 ballistic missiles.
Second
667BDR
Delta III
Kalmar
SSBN
2 PWR/OK-700/VM-4-2
14
1975-1981.
Outfitted with 16 ballistic missiles.
Second
667BDRM
Delta IV
Delfin
SSBN
2 PWR/VM-4
7
1981-1992.
Outfitted with 16 ballistic missiles.
Second
670A
Charlie I
Skat
SSGN
1 PWR/OK-350/VM-4
11
1967-1972.
Attack submarine equipped with cruise missiles.
Designed to counter hostile aircraft carriers and surface
ships.
All based in the Pacific Fleet.
Second
670M
Charlie II
Skat M
SSGN
1 PWR/OK-350/VM-4
6
1973-1980.
Attack submarine equipped with cruise missiles.
Designed to attack hostile aircraft carriers and surface
ships.
All based in the Northern Fleet.
Second
671, 671V, 671K
Victor I
Kefal I (Yersy)
SSN
1 PWR/OK-300/VM-4
15
1965-1974.
Built to attack enemy submarines.
Second
671RT
Victor II
Kefal II
SSN
1 PWR/OK-300/VM-4
7
Built to attack enemy submarines.
Second
671RTM
Victor III
Shchuka
SSN
2 PWR/OK-300/VM-4
26
Built to attack enemy submarines.
Prototype
685
Mike
Plavnik
SSN
1 PWR/OK-650 b-3
1
Titanium hull.
Worlds' deepest diving nuclear submarine.
Laid down in 1978, launched in 1983, commissioned in
1984. Sank in 1989.
Prototype
705, 705K
Alfa
Lira
SSN
1 LMR/OK-550/BM-40A
7
Noisy, but built for speed.
Titanium hull.
Reactors called "single use reactors" with operational
lifetimes of 70 years.
All are based in the Northern Fleet.
No longer built after the late 1980s.
Third
941
Typhoon
Akula
SSBN
2 PWR/OK-650/VV
6
1977-1989.
World's largest submarine.
Equipped with 200 nuclear warheads.
Six submarines built with a seventh in halted construction.
Third
949
Oscar I
Granit
SSGN
2 PWR/OK-650 b
2
1978-present.
Equipped with cruise missiles.
Designed to hunt and sink hostile aircraft carriers.
Third
949A
Oscar II
Antey
SSGN
2 PWR/OK-650 b
11
Equipped with 24 cruise missiles.
Third/Prototype
945, 945A, 945B
Sierra I
Barracuda I
SSN
1 PWR/OK-650
4
1982-1993.
Titanium hull.
Quiet enough to avoid detection by NATO's SOSUS tracking
system.
Third
971
Akula
(Akula II)
Bars
SSN
1 PWR/OK-650 b
12
Quietest, fastest, most modern submarine.
Class renamed to Akula II.
Current construction projects have been delayed due to
lack of financing.
Fourth
885
Severodvinsk
Severodvinsk
1 PWR/KPM
Prototype under construction since December 1993; scheduled
for transfer to the navy in 1998 at the earliest.
Subsequent construction could begin in 2002-2004 at Severodvinsk
shipyard.
According to this schedule, it would enter service in
2006-2008.
Considered the most advanced nuclear-powered submarine
in the world by US experts.
To be equipped with a monoblock design reactor.
Fifth
935
Borey
Yuriy Dolgorukiy
SSBN
Approximately half the size of the Typhoon Class.
Will be outfitted with at least 12 ballistic missiles.
If completed, it would be the fifth generation of submarines,
entering service in 2004.
Other
10831
10831
AS-12
Mini
1 PWR/type unknown
1
Based in the Northern Fleet.
Other
1851
X-Ray
AS-11
Mini
1 PWR/type unknown
1
Built in 1982.
Based in the Northern Fleet.
Other
1910
Uniform
--
Mini
1 PWR/type unknown
3
1982-1994.
Based in the Northern Fleet.
*PWR = pressurized water reactor.
**LMR = liquid metal reactor.
Sources: [1] Thomas Nilsen, Igor Kudrik and Aleksandr Nikitin, The
Russian Northern Fleet, Bellona Foundation, 28 August 1996, pp. 94,
96, 99-101, 103. [2] Submarine Data, http://www.webcom.com/~amraam/subs.html. [3] "Nuclear Wastes in the Arctic: An Analysis of Arctic
and Other Regional Impacts From Soviet Nuclear Contamination," OTA-ENV-623,
Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, September 1995, p. 135. [4] Office of Naval Intelligence, Worldwide Submarine
Challenges, 1997, pp. 15-17. [5] Thomas Nilsen, Igor Kudrik
and Aleksandr Nikitin, "Chapter 2: Nuclear-powered vessels," The
Russian Northern Fleet, Bellona Foundation, online edition, http://www.bellona.no/e/russia/nfl/.
{Updated 9/10/98 JET}
To return to the main
naval entry, see the 
The Bellona Foundation's
"The Russian Northern Fleet," at
